Unit 1: Introduction to Chemistry

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22 Terms

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Chemistry

Study of how one type of stuff (matter) is transformed into another type of stuff

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Matter

Anything that you can taste, touch, or smell

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Transformations

The making and breaking or chemical bonds

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Organic Chemistry

Study of stuff that is carbon based, but also contains hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen

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Inorganic Chemistry

Study of chemical compounds that involve metals

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Physical Chemistry

Study of how energy interacts with stuff

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Analytical Chemistry

Identifying and measuring matter using sophisticated equipment

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Biochemistry

The chemistry of living things

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Scientific Method

  • Systematic approach used in scientific study

  • Provides a method for scientists to verify the work or results of others

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Purpose

The problem that needs solving or purpose

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Hypothesis

The educated guess about what will solve the problem

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Experiment

Study set up to manipulate an independent variable to change the dependent variable of the experiment

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Results

The data gathered or what happened in the experiment

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Conclusion

What does it all mean? Did the problem get solved?

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Independent Variable

  • The thing or condition that you are testing

  • Only variable that you will allow to change

  • Answers “What do I change“

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Dependent Variable

  • What you measure to compare the results of your tests

  • The data you would chart or graph

  • Answers “What do I observe?“

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Constants

The variables that you don’t allow to change and is kept the same each test or trial

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Control (Controlled Variable)

  • What the results are compared to

  • Usually when the independent variable is zero or not included

  • Sometimes considered what’s “normal“ or “regular“ state or condition

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Theory

  • A well developed, widely accepted, continually tested explaination of how something happens or works

  • Explains how and why things happen

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Law

Simple statements that tell you what happens

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Pure research

  • Research that is done for fun or because it’s interesting

  • Does not necessarily have a defined purpose

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Applied research

  • Research done when there’s a problem to solve and scientists look to find solutions

  • Not really looking to discover something new