Chapter 2 - Social Beliefs Flashcards

Flashcards about social beliefs, covering topics such as social trust, cynicism, authoritarianism, and political orientations.

Ideologies

Socially shared belief systems describing the world, explaining how it should be, and how to achieve this desired state. [descriptive (how it is) and prescriptive (how it should be)]

Social Trust

Trusting others, regardless of whether we know them or not, assuming they are moral, honest, helpful, trustable, willing to cooperate, and share.

Social Cynicism

Negative beliefs about people and social institutions as self-serving, egoistic, lazy, violating social and ethical rules.

Social Capital

Network of formal and informal relationships between people, based on mutual obligations and reciprocity.

Belief in life as a zero-sum game

Belief in life as a competition, antagonism, if one wins, the other must lose.

Entity Theorists

Human dispositions are fixed and stable, and behavior should be attributed to them (fixed mindset).

Incremental Theorists

Most of our characteristics are changeable, considering current goals, mental states, needs, emotions, etc., in a specific situation (growth mindset).

Self-Efficacy Beliefs

Belief in one's own competence and effectiveness.

Self-Esteem

Judgment of global self-worth, a person who has worth and value

Locus of Control

Feeling of control over your outcomes, internal vs. external.

Narcissism

Very high self-esteem with no empathy, not caring about others.

Authoritarian Personality

Extreme obedience and unquestioning submission to the respected authority figure, strict adherence to conventional values, and hostility to those who deviate.

Social Dominance Orientation (SDO)

Tendency to prefer inequality among social groups, including a desire for one’s ingroup’s dominance and superiority over others.

System Justification

Justifying even quite unequal systems to reduce uncertainty and threat, and feel better, happier, and more satisfied.

Just-World Theory

People want to believe they live in a world where good things happen to good people, and bad things to bad people.

Nationalism

Ideology assuming that national bonds are the most important; loyalty to the nation-state must surpass other interests.

Patriotism

Not an ideology, but a social identity; national pride, feeling of love, devotion, sense of attachment to a homeland, but also feeling other citizens are potential allies = no anti-immigration or protectionism feelings.