Names of Systems for Organic Molecules

Exam 3 Prep

Parent Name

Molecules with the same number of C atoms (in a chain) share the same what?

Isomers

Same Molecular Formula, different bond structures

Meth-

What is the parent name for molecules with 1 carbon in a chain?

Eth-

What is the parent name for molecules with 2 carbons in a chain?

Prop-

What is the parent name for molecules with 3 carbons in a chain?

But-

What is the parent name for molecules with 4 carbons in a chain?

Pent-

What is the parent name for molecules with 5 carbons in a chain?

Hex-

What is the parent name for molecules with 6 carbons in a chain?

Hept-

What is the parent name for molecules with 7 carbons in a chain?

Oct-

What is the parent name for molecules with 8 carbons in a chain?

Non-

What is the parent name for molecules with 9 carbons in a chain?

Dec-

What is the parent name for molecules with 10 carbons in a chain?

Alkanes

Chain of sp³ carbons (saturated hydrocarbons

ane

What is the ending or suffix of all alkanes?(for 1-10 chains of carbon)

Gas

What is the phase at room temperature of alkanes with 1-4 # of carbons in a chain?

Liquid (volatile)

What is the phase at room temperature of alkanes with 5-12 # of carbons in a chain?

Viscous liquid (oil)

What is the phase at room temperature of alkanes with 14-20 # of carbons in a chain?

Solid

What is the phase at room temperature of alkanes with >20 # of carbons in a chain?

Heating Fuel And Feedstocks for Plastic

What are some uses of alkanes with 1-4 # of carbons in a chain?

Gasoline, Diesel, And Kerosene (jet fuel)

What are some uses of alkanes with 5-12 # of carbons in a chain?

Lubricants And Grease

What are some uses of alkanes with 14-20 # of carbons in a chain?

Waxes, Asphalt, And Plastics

What are some uses of alkanes with >20 # of carbons in a chain?

Higher Melting And Boiling Points And Experience Greater Induced Dipole Forces

Larger (“heavy”) alkanes have what properties?