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Describe the factors that help in the selection of crops in a particular region.
Physical, economic, and social factors.
What are the main rice-producing countries?
China, India, Bangladesh, southeast Asia, Japan, North and South Korea, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Egypt, and USA.
Define agro-based industries.
Industries that use agricultural raw materials.
How are crops categorized based on their uses?
Into types such as cereals (rice, wheat, maize, millets), pulses (gram, moong, urad, arhar), and oilseeds (mustard, linseed, rapeseed).
Describe the climate conditions in Latin Asia.
Favorable for growing rice, where two or three crops of rice are grown in a year.
What are the major crops grown in the Arctic region?
Not mentioned in the content.
What are the characteristics of alluvial clayey soil?
It can retain water.
amount of rainfall required for rice cultivation.
Moderate rainfall of about 75 cm
What are some examples of beverages that are derived from plants?
Tea, coffee, and cocoa.
Define maize and its significance in agriculture.
Maize, also known as corn, is a crop that originated in the Americas and was later introduced to Europe by Christopher Columbus. It has a high yield per hectare, nearly 50 percent more than wheat.
Describe the characteristics of well-drained loamy soil for rice cultivation.
Well-drained loamy soil is considered good for rice cultivation, but black soil produces excellent quality grain.
What are the main wheat-producing regions in the world?
The main wheat-producing regions are the temperate grasslands, with wheat being grown on more than 230 million hectares worldwide.
Describe the ideal soil conditions for growing maize.
Well-drained deep and fertile soil
What are some of the main maize-producing countries?
USA, Russia, China, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico
How did rice become known as the 'gift of the animals' in Chinese mythology?
A dog brought rice seeds to people during a flood, providing them with food
Define wheat as an important item of international trade.
Wheat is a significant commodity in global trade
Do you know where maize originated from?
Maize originated in Latin America
Describe jute.
Jute is the second most important vegetable fibre after cotton. It is also known as the golden fibre and is mostly used to make packing materials.
What is the climate suitable for jute cultivation?
Jute grows well in warm and wet climate.
What is the largest producer of jute?
USA is the largest producer of jute.
Define tea.
Tea is prepared from the leaves of a tropical shrub and is a popular drink in most of the British colonies.
What is the main use of maize in USA?
Maize is widely used as feed for fattening cattle and pigs in USA.
Describe the climate conditions required for growing tea.
Tea is grown in densely populated tropical areas with a temperature of about 25°C and an annual rainfall of about 250 cm.
What are the main jute-producing countries?
The main jute-producing countries are India, Bangladesh, Brazil, Taiwan, China, Thailand, and Malaysia.
Define cotton and its origin.
Cotton is a crop grown on plantations and has its origin in India.
How is cotton used in the textile industry?
Cotton is the main raw material for the cotton textile industry and is the most widely used fiber to make cloth.
Describe the characteristics that determine the quality of raw cotton.
The quality of raw cotton depends on the length of the fiber, its fineness, lustre, softness, strength, color, and clearness.
What are the main millet-producing countries?
The main millet-producing countries are India, China, USA, Brazil, Nigeria, Niger, and Egypt.
What are the climate conditions suitable for millet cultivation?
Millet crops are grown in areas of high temperature, low rainfall, and less fertile and sandy soil.
What are some common coarse grains?
Some common coarse grains are jowar, bajra, ragi, and sorghum, which are also known as millet.
Describe the climate required for sugarcane growth.
Hot and humid climate
What is the main storage location for sugar in sugarcane?
The stem
Define the main cotton-producing countries.
USA, China, India, Pakistan, Brazil, Egypt, Sudan, Mexico, and Uzbekistan
How does sugarcane reproduce?
New plants grow from stem cuttings of old plants
Describe the soil requirements for growing sugarcane.
Fertile, well-drained soil capable of retaining moisture
Describe the process of picking tea leaves.
Tea picking is a skillful job that requires patience and judgement. Two tender leaves and a bud are usually plucked from each stem.
What is the main tea producing country in the world?
China is the largest producer of tea in the world.
How often are tea leaves plucked in China?
In China, tea leaves are plucked three or four times in a year.
What are some of the main tea producing countries?
Some of the main tea producing countries are China, India, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Japan, Indonesia, and Bangladesh.
Define agriculture.
Agriculture depends largely on the rain and monsoon, which can be uncertain, unreliable, and irregular.
What are some methods to increase crop production?
Some methods to increase crop production include growing more than one crop in a year, improving irrigation facilities, and using high yielding variety (HYV) seeds.
Describe the process of processing tea leaves.
Modern machines are used to process the tea leaves. Proper rolling, fermenting, and blending of tea leaves give it the required flavor.
What are some challenges faced in agriculture?
Some challenges faced in agriculture include uncertain and irregular rainfall, unreliable monsoons, and the need to meet increasing landholdings.
Describe the process of threshing.
Threshing is done by animals.
What is the name of the district in Ethiopia where coffee was first found?
Coffee is derived from the highland district of Kaffa.
Define organic and chemical fertilizers.
Organic and chemical fertilizers are used in agriculture.
How is coffee powder obtained?
Coffee powder is obtained by grinding roasted coffee beans or berries.
What are some problems faced by farmers?
Farmers face problems such as fund shortage and the need to sell produce immediately after harvest.
Describe the main features of agriculture facilities.
Agriculture facilities provide shelter from direct sunlight and often have shady trees planted in plantations. They also depend on various cooperative societies to meet the economic conditions of farmers and their families.
What are the changes brought about by the Green Revolution in agriculture?
The Green Revolution introduced high-yield variety (HYV) seeds, ensured enough and timely availability of water through irrigation, promoted the adequate use of chemical fertilizers, and encouraged the use of pesticides and insecticides. It also led to the consolidation of landholdings, farm mechanization, and provision of agricultural credit on soft terms.
Describe the natural environment of the Prairies in the USA.
The Prairies in the USA stretch from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Great Lakes in the east. They are located in the interior of the continent and experience a continental type of climate. The region is blessed with vast fertile plains and extensive grasslands.
What type of agriculture is mostly practiced in India?
Subsistence agriculture is mostly practiced in India.
What is the significance of shady trees in agriculture facilities?
Shady trees in agriculture facilities provide shelter from direct sunlight, which is beneficial for the crops and plants grown there.
Describe the process of picking tea leaves.
Tea picking is a skillful job that requires patience and judgement. Two tender leaves and a bud are usually plucked from each stem.
What is the main tea producing country in the world?
China is the largest producer of tea in the world.
How often are tea leaves plucked in China?
In China, tea leaves are plucked three or four times in a year.
What are some of the main tea producing countries?
Some of the main tea producing countries are China, India, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Japan, Indonesia, and Bangladesh.
Define agriculture.
Agriculture depends largely on the rain and monsoon, which can be uncertain, unreliable, and irregular.
What are some methods to increase crop production?
Some methods to increase crop production include growing more than one crop in a year, improving irrigation facilities, and using high yielding variety (HYV) seeds.
Describe the process of processing tea leaves.
Modern machines are used to process the tea leaves. Proper rolling, fermenting, and blending of tea leaves give it the required flavor.
What are some challenges faced in agriculture?
Some challenges faced in agriculture include uncertain and irregular rainfall, unreliable monsoons, and the need to meet increasing landholdings.
Describe the process of threshing.
Threshing is done by animals.
What is the name of the district in Ethiopia where coffee was first found?
Coffee is derived from the highland district of Kaffa.
Define organic and chemical fertilizers.
Organic and chemical fertilizers are used in agriculture.
How is coffee powder obtained?
Coffee powder is obtained by grinding roasted coffee beans or berries.
What are some problems faced by farmers?
Farmers face problems such as fund shortage and the need to sell produce immediately after harvest.
Describe the main features of agriculture facilities.
Agriculture facilities provide shelter from direct sunlight and often have shady trees planted in plantations. They also depend on various cooperative societies to meet the economic conditions of farmers and their families.
What are the changes brought about by the Green Revolution in agriculture?
The Green Revolution introduced high-yield variety (HYV) seeds, ensured enough and timely availability of water through irrigation, promoted the adequate use of chemical fertilizers, and encouraged the use of pesticides and insecticides. It also led to the consolidation of landholdings, farm mechanization, and provision of agricultural credit on soft terms.
Describe the natural environment of the Prairies in the USA.
The Prairies in the USA stretch from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Great Lakes in the east. They are located in the interior of the continent and experience a continental type of climate. The region is blessed with vast fertile plains and extensive grasslands.
What type of agriculture is mostly practiced in India?
Subsistence agriculture is mostly practiced in India.
What is the significance of shady trees in agriculture facilities?
Shady trees in agriculture facilities provide shelter from direct sunlight, which is beneficial for the crops and plants grown there.
Describe the characteristics of the farm in the grasslands.
The farm is about 1,000 hectares in size and is owned and managed by a farmer and his family. Most of the farm work is done by machines and there is no labor employed. The farm practices crop rotation and cultivates a variety of crops such as wheat, corn, oats, barley, rye, and oilseeds. Livestock is also raised to supplement the farm income. The soil is dark brown and rich in humus and organic matter.
What is a combine harvester and what does it do?
A combine harvester is a huge machine that reaps, threshes, and sacks the crop in one operation.
How do the rolling plains in the grasslands benefit extensive mechanized farming?
The rolling plains are well-drained and suitable for extensive mechanized farming. They provide good conditions for using large machines and equipment for farming operations.
What are some advantages of the grasslands region for farming?
The grasslands region enjoys advantages such as well-drained rolling plains suitable for mechanized farming, melting snow providing moisture to the soil, contour ploughing and strip cropping practices, and the presence of dark brown soil full of humus and organic matter.
What are some of the machines used in farming in the grasslands?
Farmers in the grasslands use tractors, tillers, harrows, seed-drills, and combine harvesters for various farming operations.
Describe the living arrangements of the farmer and his family.
The farmer and his family live in a big house on the farm.
What is the purpose of the separate sheds on the farm?
The separate sheds are used to keep livestock, fodder, and machines.
How are threshing and packing done on the farm?
Threshing and packing are done by machines.
Define the transcontinental railway.
The transcontinental railway connects the region to consuming centers and port towns.
What are some important maize-producing countries?
Important maize-producing countries include the USA, Russia, and China.
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