Exam 2 IDs History 1302

New Nationalism

Who: Theodore Roosevelt

When: 1912

Where: Progressive party platform of New Nationalism demanded the establishment of a strong, regulatory welfare state capable of preventing corporate abuses and guaranteeing the economic and social rights of individuals, including women

Why: contained demands for an eight hour workday, a "living wage" for workers, national labor legislation, and national healthcare. In many ways, it prefigured the later New Deal policies.

Spanish American War

Who: President McKinely . Led by Admiral Dewey America/ Spanish, Americans, Cubans

What: war against spain, push against cuba was 3 fold, attack of santiago de cuba./ Spanish vs Americans over the control of Cuba's independence

When: 1898

Where: Cuba, Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico

Sequence:

Historical Significance: U.S gained control of Guam, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippines when they signed the Treaty of Paris after.

Treaty of Versallies

On June 28, 1919 a peace document was signed at the end of WW1 by Allied powers and Germany at Palace of Versailles, France.

Allied demanded a compensation by Germany for all the damage done to the civilian population for the aggression of Germany during war

Germany were forced to assume full responsibility for causing the war

The outcome had many effect to Germany which included:

The Saar, German Cornfield, given the right to occupy by France

German restricted limits of their future size of army and navy

Reperation Payments of 33-55 billion which cause Germany economy depression

2nd Industrial Revolution

Prohibition

Woodrow Willson, religious leaders, groups, and immigrants were all a factor to this prohibition. During January 1920, the banning of alcohol became the 18th amendment. They banned it due to the amount of abuse that was going on in the household by the husbands while they were drunk. The religious leaders found this as the evil that Satan brought humans, women saw it as a waste of money and fear factor, and Woodrow Willson saw it as an evil doer, abusive substance, and a waste of money. So with all these people saying how bad it was they took if off the shelves. Once that passed, organized crime emerged and saw this an opportunity for easy, illigal money.

New Woman

Jame Addams was one out of the many women that changed during the 1920s. These new women were independent, educated, liberal, and went against the Victorian standards. They dressed up how they wanted to dress up, especially now that they had created the flappers and wore tons of makeup. One of the signature makeup must haves were red lipsticks. Since they showed their true value after during WWI this led on to the 19th amendment. Women then became a huge part of the consumer economy, as they began buying directed women cigarettes and makeup products.

The Federal Reserve

Woodrow Willson proposed the Federal Reserve in 1913 and did not pass until 1916 in Washington DC . This system was established in which the government would have access or control over the interest rates and managed back. By doing this it would stabilize the economy and prevent panic from uneven distribution of wealth. At the end of it, the outcome was a success, it did stabilize the economy, it did limit the influence in big businesses to handover the economy, it did take off the US gold standard.

Black Tuesday

Who: American stock market

What: The American market collapsed signalling the start of the great depression

When: October 29, 1929

Where: America

Sequence:

Historical Significance: This day caused America to lose confidence in their economy. This acted as a catalyst for the great depression.

Agricultural Depression

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Established in 1932 by Herbert Hoover to offset the effects of the Great Depression; the RFC was authorized to give federal credit to banks so that they could operate efficiently. Banks recieving these loans were expected to extend loans to businesses providing jobs or building low-cost housing.

The First 100 Days

Social Security Administration

Lebensraum

Who: Hitler

What: Wanted to grow Germany. Ideological principle of Nazism and provided justification for the German territorial expansion into East-Central Europe.

When: Following Hitler's Rise to Power

Where: Germany/ East-Central Europe

Sequence:

Historical Sign.: This led to the Nazi - Soviet Pact which was signed in august 1939, supposedly guaranteed 10 years of peace between the two countries although Hitler knew that this would not be the case. Allowed Nazis to invade Poland and 'split' between Soviet union and Germany.

Blitzkrieg

Who: Germany

What: a military tactic designed to create disorganization among enemy forces through the use of mobile forces and locally concentrated firepower.

When: During WWII

Where: Throughout WWII

Sequence:Its successful execution results in short military campaigns, which preserves human lives and limits the expenditure of artillery. German forces tried out the blitzkrieg in Poland in 1939 before successfully employing the tactic with invasions of Belgium, the Netherlands and France in 1940. The blitzkrieg was also used by German commander Erwin Rommel during the North African campaign of World War II, and adopted by U.S. General George Patton for his army's European operations.

Historical Significance:

Stalingrad

Who: Germany and Russia

What: Was the successful Soviet defense of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in the U.S.S.R. during World War II. Russians consider it to be the greatest battle of their Great Patriotic War, and most historians consider it to be the greatest battle of the entire conflict.

When: July 17, 1942-Feb. 2, 1943

Where: city of Stalingrad

Sequence: Germany pushed into Russia too far and the supply line got long so Russia had the advantage when they got to Stalingrad and won the battle.

Historical Significance: It stopped the German advance into the Soviet Union and marked the turning of the tide of war in favor of the Allies. The Battle of Stalingrad was one of the bloodiest battles in history, with combined military and civilian casualties of nearly 2 million.

The Bomb

Who: United States

What: Dropped 3 atomic bombs one for experimentation, one on Hiroshima and one on Nagasaki.

When: Aug 6, 1945 and Aug 9, 1945

Where: New Mexico, Hiroshima, Nagasaki

Sequence: All bombs were created differently one was tested in New Mexico after a success they gave orders to drop on Hiroshima to make Japan surrender. Three days passed and Japan still didn't surrender, so they dropped another bomb on Nagasaki and it forced the Japanese to surrender.

Historical Significance: This ended WWII and caused nations to stop dropping atomic bombs during war time because of the effects of the radiation.

Japanese Internment Camps

Who: The U.S. Government

What: Sent Japanese-Americans to internment camps because they were scared that they were spies and were committing espionage in America giving the Japanese knowledge.

When: 1942-1945

Where: Mainly on the west coast

Sequence: After Pearl Harbor the U.S. was scared that there were more Japanese spies in America. FDR made executive order 9066 to prevent espionage on the coast.

Historical Significance: Let the laws that are unconstitutional be made because they were in a time of war.

Korematsu Case

Who: Korematsu

What: Brought his case to the supreme court for a fair trail of an unjust arrest

When: 1944

Where: San Leandro, CA

Sequence: During World War II, Presidential Executive Order 9066 and congressional statutes gave the military authority to exclude citizens of Japanese ancestry from areas deemed critical to national defense and potentially vulnerable to espionage. Korematsu remained in San Leandro, California and violated Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 of the U.S. Army. He was then arrested. Korematsu asked to have a trail to see if his arrest was constitutional. The supreme court ruled in a 6:3 favor of his arrest being constitutional.

Historical Significance: The case affirmed the idea that in times of war the needs of the military must be met. Therefore giving the military an immense amount of power in such cases. This was also significant because it allowed the United States to be able to forcibly make a group leave an area based on their race