PSYCH-Attributions

What is person perception?

The different mental processes used to understand and form impressions of other people

What are the two ways to determine person perception?

What are first impressions and what are the impacts of it?

A judgement formed in less than a second

What is attribution?

An evaluation made about the causes of behavior 

What is internal attribution?

What is external attribution?

What is stable attribution? 

What is unstable attribution?

What is fundamental attribution error?

Our tendency to judge someone based off their internal attributions instead of considering possible external attributions.

What is an attitude? 

An evaluation of something such as a person, object, event or idea based off prior experience 

What is the tri-component model of attitude?

Critism of the tri-component

Behavior does not always match the attitude and cognitive component 

What is a stereotype?

A widely held belief and generalisation about a group such as people, animals and objects

What is cognitive dissonance? 

The psychological tension that occurs when our thoughts, feels and behaviors do not align with each other.

How can cognitive dissonance be reduced

What are cognitive biases? 

What is the confirmation bias?

The tendency to search for and accept information based on our own beliefs or behaviors, ignoring anything that does not align.

What is the halo effect?

The tendency to form an impression based off one quality of a person, influencing our overall beliefs on that person.

What is the false-consensus bias?

The tendency to do something based off the belief that other people do it too.

What is the self-serving bias? 

The tendency to attribute positive success to our own doing whereas failures are attributed towards external factors/causes.

What is the actor-observer bias?

The tendency to attribute our own actions to external factors while attributing other people’s actions to internal factors.

What are heuristics and what are some positive and negative aspects about it?

Mental shortcuts that help us form judgements about something quickly

What is Base rate fallacy?

A POV that is formed by vivid memories.

What is the anchoring heuristic? 

An info-processing strategy that involves processing the first-info received about an idea or concept

What is the availability heuristic?

An info-processing strategy that forms judgement and problem solving based off information that is easily accessible.

What is a representative heuristic? 

An info-processing strategy that forms judgement based off items, people or other stuff similar within that category

What is the affect heuristic?

An info-processing strategy that involves using emotions to make a decision/judgement

What is prejudice?

Judging before interacting with someone

What is discrimination?

The unjust treatment of people due to their association with a certain group

What is direct vs indirect discrimination?

What is stigma 

A feeling of shame/disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality or person?

What are the two types of stigma?

What is mental wellbeing?

An individual’s current psychological state, involving their ability to think, process information and regulate emotions?

What are some influences on mental wellbeing?