Web Architecture and HTML Fundamentals Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering core concepts of Web Architecture, client-server models, networking protocols, and foundational HTML elements and attributes.

Web Architecture

The design and structure of the World Wide Web, encompassing the technologies, protocols, and systems that enable the web to function.

Clients

Devices or software (e.g., web browsers, mobile apps) that request and display content from servers.

Servers

Computers or systems that store, process, and deliver resources (e.g., web pages, data) to clients.

Networks

The infrastructure (e.g., internet, routers, DNS) that facilitates communication between clients and servers.

Protocols

Rules and standards for communication between clients and servers.

Databases

Systems that store and manage data for web applications, such as MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.

Middleware

Software that connects different components of a web application, such as APIs, authentication systems, and load balancers.

Client-Server Model

A distributed application structure that divides tasks between service providers (servers) and service requesters (clients).

Two-Tier Architecture

A client-server setup involving a client and a server directly communicating with each other.

Three-Tier Architecture

An architecture that divides the application into multiple layers, such as presentation, business logic, and data storage.

N-Tier Architecture

An architecture that adds a middle tier (e.g., application server) between the client and database server.

Monolithic Architecture

A single, unified application where all components (UI, logic, database) are tightly coupled.

Microservices Architecture

An architecture that breaks an application into small, independent services that communicate over APIs.

Serverless Architecture

An architecture that uses cloud services to run code without requiring server management.

HTTP/HTTPS

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Secure) used for transferring web pages and data.

TCP/IP

The protocol suite used for data transmission across networks.

WebSocket

A protocol that enables real-time, bidirectional communication between clients and servers.

DNS

Domain Name System, which translates domain names into IP addresses.

HTML

Hyper Text Markup Language, the standard markup language used for creating and describing the structure of Web pages.

HTML element

A component of an HTML document composed of a start tag, content, and an end tag that tells the browser how to display content.

!DOCTYPE

The declaration that must start every HTML document.

The element that begins and ends an HTML document.

The HTML element that contains the document's title and metadata.

The HTML element that contains the visible part of the document.

HTML Attributes

Extra information provided about an element inside the start tag, formatted as name="value".

alt

An HTML attribute that provides alternative text for an image.

href

An HTML attribute that specifies the link URL or address.

id

An HTML attribute that specifies a unique identification for an element.

src

An HTML attribute that provides the path to an image.

style

An HTML attribute used to apply inline CSS.

title

An HTML attribute that provides tooltip text.

disabled

An HTML attribute that disables an input element.

Block-level element

An HTML element that starts on a new line and takes up the full width available (e.g.,

).

Inline element

An HTML element that stays in line with surrounding content and only takes up as much width as necessary (e.g., ).

HTML form

A structure defined by the

container used to collect user input for a server.