heimler apush unit 2

Spanish settlers

wealth and conquest, spread christianity

French settlers

trade (fish, fur, trading settlements), kinship ties through marriage

Dutch settlers

wealth, trading centers, minimal interaction w Natives

British motives

economic, religious freedom, living conditions

Chesapeake Colonies

Virginia and Maryland, money focused, tobacco plantations, Bacon's Rebellion

Bacon's Rebellion

1676 - Virginia settlers angry at Virginia Governor Berkley for not assisting against Native rebellion, army to defeat Indians, march on Jamestown to burn the city + Berkley's property

New England Colonies

family units to build society, eventually succeeded w agriculture and commerce fewer slaves

Caribbean Colonies

year round growing seasons -> farming, majority of African American slaves working on sugarcane plantations, chattel slaves

Southern Colonies/Carolinas

influenced by Caribbean society, mimicked on mainland

Middle Colonies

more diverse and less aristocratic, export economy w access to rivers

New York/New Jersey

diverse w elite class, working class, and enslaved people

Pennsylvania

religious freedom, gained land through negotiation w Natives

House of Burgesses

the first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619

Mayflower Compact

1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America, signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony

Triangular Trade

three-way system of trade during 1600-1800s, Africa sent slaves to America, America sent raw materials to Europe, and Europe sent guns and rum to Africa

Mercantilism

An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought

Navigation Acts

colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England, eventually caused tension

Metacom's War (King Philip's War)

Period of bloody conflict between Wampanoag Indians and Puritan settlers in New England (1675-1676); an example of Indian resistance to English expansion in North America

Stono Rebellion

a 1739 uprising of slaves in South Carolina, leading to the tightening of already harsh slave laws

Enlightenment

1685-1815 a movement that emphasized science and reason as guides to help see the world more clearly

John Locke

English philosopher who advocated "social contract"-government powers derived from the consent of the governed, government serves the people; said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property

Great Awakening

A revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1750s

New Light Clergy

Colonial clergy who called for religious revivals and emphasized the emotional aspects of spiritual commitment, leaders in the Great Awakening

Jonathan Edwards

Preacher during the First Great Awakening; "Sinners in the hands of angry god"

George Whitefield

convinced many people through his sermons in the Great Awakening in 1739, preaching his belief in gaining salvation

Impressment

British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service, caused tensions