Social disorganization theory

Social Disorganization Theory

A theory suggesting that individuals' behaviors are more influenced by their social relationships and environment than by rational thought.

Key Contributors

Developed by Shaw and McKay, who attributed social disorganization to urban conditions for the poor.

Factors Contributing to Social Disorganization

High population turnover, diverse cultural backgrounds, physical dilapidation, and poverty.

Core Tenet of Social Disorganization Theory

The location plays a crucial role in predicting illegal activity.

Key Issues in High Crime Rate Neighborhoods

Physical dilapidation, poverty, and higher ethnic and cultural diversity.

Types of Social Disorganization

Includes crime, cultural retardation, illiteracy, suicide, divorce, and insanity.

Historical Context of Social Disorganization Theory

Traced back to Durkheim's work on organic solidarity and societal changes.

Influence of Socioeconomic Status (SES) on Social Disorganization

SES, racial and ethnic diversity, and residential stability affect social disorganization and crime rates.

Informal Social Control

Linked to community cohesion and trust which are essential for reducing deviance.

Mechanical vs. Organic Solidarity

Durkheim's concepts distinguishing traditional societies from urban, industrial societies, highlighting delinquency risks.

Chicago School's Influence

Views social disorganization as competition for space, influencing neighborhood characteristics.

Research Development in Social Disorganization Theory

Studies have shown correlation between SES and crime, but interest waned and later resurfaced in the 1980s.

Collective Efficacy

Combines social cohesion and willingness to intervene for common goals, significantly impacting crime rates.

Research Gaps in Social Disorganization Theory

Challenges in measurement consistency and the need for better community-level data.