Collective Rights in Canada Flashcards

Flashcards based on lecture notes about collective rights in Canada, focusing on First Nations, Francophones, and the Metis.

What are collective rights in Canada?

Rights given to founding groups of people through laws, treaties, and special sections of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Who are collective rights NOT given to and why?

English people, because they form the majority and tend to make laws that favor them.

What is the purpose of collective rights?

To protect and affirm the identity and needs of minority groups.

Why were the Numbered Treaties signed?

The Queen of England gave protection and resources. The First Nations people gave up their land for British settlement.

Why did the First Nations people sign the treaties?

Because they wanted to live in harmony with Canadians.

Name some provisions of Treaties 6, 7, and 8.

Hunting and fishing rights, health care benefits, education, reserve land, farming assistance, payments, and annuities.

What was the purpose of residential schools?

To educate and assimilate First Nations children into Canadian culture.

What were some effects of the residential schools?

Loss of culture, language, and family ties; physical and sexual abuse; disease and death.

What was the goal of the Indian Act?

To control the First Nations people and encourage them to assimilate into Canadian culture.

What are some of the original restrictions imposed by The Indian Act?

Banning of traditional clothing and ceremonies, restricted travel, loss of status if they wanted to vote.

What are Francophones?

Native French speakers in Canada.

What is a reason it's important to protect the French language and culture?

Because the French are one of the founding groups of Canada.

What was the purpose of Bill 101?

To protect French culture and heritage in Quebec and prevent assimilation.

What are some stipulations of Bill 101?

Signs must be in French, Francophone and immigrant parents must send their children to French schools, French becomes the language of the government, business, and everyday life.

What are "scrip"?

Certificates issued to the Metis that could be exchanged for land.

What rights did the Metis fight for during the Red River Rebellion?

The right to land, education, and protection in Manitoba.

When were Metis settlements in Alberta made permanent?

1990

When were the Metis recognized as one of Canada's aboriginal peoples?

1982

What did the Metis gain from being recognized in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?

The right to seek some of the same rights as First Nations people, such as hunting and fishing rights.