YOU'VE GOT THIS GOD'S GOT YOU (last minute knowt)

ejection fraction normal

50-70%

ejection fraction below normal

40-50%

ejection fraction possible HF

<40%

ROMI cardiac markers

troponin I, troponin K (muscle breakdown), creatine kinase, myoglobin

normal BNP? ProBNP?

<100; <900

lead axis

imaginary line joining heart’s activity

cardiac axis

direction of electrical current flow

1 kg of weight gain = how many Ls of fluid?

1

leading cause of pre-hospital deaths after MI

dysrhythmias

IMPORTANT notice with metformin

hold 48 hr before/after test with dye/general anesthesia until adequate kidney function established

cold and clammy…

give some candy

warm and dry…

sugar high

unconscious/cannot swallow with hypoglycemia

glucagon sq/im or SAFELY push D50 (flush well! sugar concentrated in tissue→ tissue damage)

glucagon often causes…

vomiting (glucagonnavomit)

glucose >300; osmolarity varies; ketones positive; pH <7.35; HCO3 <15; slightly high/normal K; BUN >30; Cr >1.5; anion gap >10

DKA

glucose >600; osmolarity >320; ketones negative; pH >7.4; HCO3 >20; BUN elevated; CR elevated

HHS

variant unstable angina

from coronary artery spasms at rest

biphasic complex

current not moving toward/away from positive pole (QRS complex)