Studied by 2 people
Diana Baumrind
________ was a developmental child psychologist, looked at parenting approach and dynamics, not just individual actions.
Permissive parenting has at times shown greater
________emotional health than even authoritative styles, especially in certain European region.
When preschool children experience authoritative parenting,
they are more likely to become highly competent and well- adjusted adolescents.
Looked at 2 main dimensions
acceptance/responsiveness (warmth); demandingness/control (expectations)
Authoritarian (low warmth & high control)
parent is typically marked by emphasis on obedience to parental authority
Authoritative (high warmth & high control)
parent expresses warmth and connection while also enforcing limits for the child and setting healthy boundaries
Permissive (high warmth & low control)
marked by high warmth but few rules or demands
Dismissive/Neglectful (low both in warmth & control)
this style was added later by researchers; children left to their own devices; parents may appear indifferent
In both the original and the current longitudinal research, children raised with an authoritative style
have been found to be more self-reliant, self-controlled, explorative, and content
Authoritarian parenting is more widespread
in non-Western cultures, and among lower socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnic/racial minority parents in the United States
Children with authoritative parenting have a lower likelihood of
using drugs, alcohol, and tobacco or being involved with a gang
Children with authoritative parenting exhibit
more socially skilled and exhibit fewer internalizing behaviors such as anxiety and fewer externalizing behaviors such as aggression, impulsivity
Some aspects of the authoritarian style can have
positive, protective factors, for psychosocial development and for academic achievement, in particular
Diana Baumrind influenced and responded to
Milgram’s study on authority and corporal punishment
Diana Baumrind examined
dimensions that had recurred in research on parenting and combined them to describe different parenting styles.
Authoritarian (low warmth & high control):
parent is typically marked by emphasis on obedience to parental authority.
Authoritative (high warmth & high control):
parent expresses warmth and connection while also enforcing limits for the child and setting healthy boundaries.
Permissive (high warmth & low control):
marked by high warmth but few rules or demands.
Dismissive/Neglectful (low both in warmth & control):
this style was added later by researchers; children left to their own devices; parents may appear indifferent.
Recent research has found similar results in
families from other cultures and ethnic backgrounds in regard to effects of authoritative parenting.
Other research suggests differences across
cultural, racial, and ethnic minorities, and questions the impact of authoritarian style across contexts
Effects of authoritarian style in Middle Eastern parents
varied considerably based on the individual dimensions assessed
Diana Baumrind went from
“do’s and don’ts” to overarching effects of parental approach
Diana Baumrind was one of the first to
include fathers
Diana Baumrind derived
3 main parenting styles, with a fourth added later on by researchers.
Note 
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