PAS '26 Surgery Rotation

Is Propofol a controlled substance?

No

Is Dexmedetomidine a controlled substance?

No

What class is propofol?

Inj. Anesthetic

What medication has symptoms of transient apnea?

Propofol

Name a type of drug in class alpha-2 andrenergic agonist

Dexmedetomidine

How are most induction drugs given?

IV

Which of the following drugs can be used pre-operatively as a pre-anesthetic, as well as intra-operatively and post-operatively for analgesia?

Buprenorphine

Are pre-anesthetics given to affect

No

What drugs are given “to affect”?

Induction agents

Ketamine is a ______________ and is used at UCBA as a _________________.

NMDA receptor antagonist; induction agent

Midazolam and diazepam are _________________ and are used at UCBA as _________________ when mixed with ketamine.

benzodiazepines; induction agents

Your surgeon asks for your patient to receive atropine. Why?

Atropine is an anticholinergic and increases heart rate in the event of bradycardia.

How do you choose the correct size for an endotracheal tube? 

Measure between the nares, and to the thoracic inlet

How do you know the endotracheal tube has been placed correctly in your patient

Measure the CO2 that is released with each breath

How many times should your patient swallow before you should remove the endotracheal tube (extubate)? 

3 times

In which two species must you use a non-cuffed endotracheal tube?

Birds/repriles and cats

What is labeled “A”

Pilot Balloon

What is labeled “B”?

Bevel

What is labeled “C”?

Murphy’s Eye

What is labeled “D”?

Cuff

What is labeled “E”?

Soft palate

What is labeled “F”?

Arytenoid cartilages

What is labeled “G”?

Glottis (opening of trachea)

What is labeled “H”?

Epiglottis

What information does the pressure manometer showcase?

How much pressure is within the breathing circuit

What part of the anesthesia machine coverts the liquid anesthetic to gas?

Vaporizer

What part of the anesthetic machine absorbs CO2 so the patient isn’t breathing it?

CO2 canister crystals

What part of the anesthesia machine absorbs the waste anesthetic?

The scavenger system

1. When should the CO2 absorber crystals be changed?

After 12 hrs of use

What is the range for a “full” tank of O2?

1800-2200psi

1. When should the CO2 absorber crystals be changed?

When crystals are brittle

When should the CO2 absorber crystals be changed?

If 1/3-12 of the canister crystals turn purple during use

What anesthesia machine parts are NOT used in the rebreathing system?

CO2 canister crystals

Name 2 drug categories that help with pain?

NSAIDS and opioids

How do you measure an E-collar?

Make sure the length extends past the muzzle

What’s the purpose of an E collar

To ensure they can’t irritate their medical wounds/scars

What IV fluids are given to healthy anesthetized patients

Isotonic crystalloid fluids

What does VTNI mean?

Volume to be infused

What does LRS stand for

Lactated Ringers Solution

How full should the food chamber be?

½ full

What species do we NOT inflate the cuff for?

Cats

What species gets lidocaine on its arytenoid cartilage?

Cats

Define BAR

Bright, alert, responsive

Define QAR

Quiet, alert, responsive

What lymph nodes should we NOT palpate?

Axial and inguinal

What’s the normal temp for dogs and cats?

100-102.5 F

What’s the normal pulse rate for dogs?

60-180 bpm

What’s the normal pulse rate for cats?

120-240 bpm

What’s the normal resp. rate for dogs?

10-30 BrPM

What’s the normal resp. rate for cats?

15-30 BrPM

What’s the average BP for a dogs and cat with or without anesthesia?

60-100 mmHg (70-90)

When a patient is hooked to the machine, the pop off valve should be _______

Open

What color is an 02 tank?

Green

What color is associated with isoflourane?

Purple

What color is associated with sevoflurane?

Yellow

What does the pressure release valve do?

Releases some of the pressure within the breathing circuit

Should you flush the system while a patient is hooked up to it?

No

What is the “standard” high flow rate?

2L

What is the “standard” low rate?

0.2L

What is TV

Tidal Volume

How to measure TV

10 X (kgs)

What is the order of ending a pressure check for the anesthesia machine?

Turn off flow meter, open pop off valve, remove thumb

What should the manometer read when doing a pressure check?

20-30 mmHg

What 2 drugs are classed as “opiates”

Buprenorphine and Butorphanol

Does butorphanol have a reversal

Yes

What reversal is for Butorphanol

Naloxone

Does buprenorphine have a reversal?

Yes

What 2 drugs are classed as “NMDA Receptor Antagonist, Dissociative General Anesthetic ”

Ketamine and Telazol

What 2 drugs are combined to make Telazol?

Zolazepam and tiletamine

Is Telazol controlled?

Yes

Is ketamine controlled?

Yes

Does ketamine have a reversal?

No

Is buprenorphine controlled?

Yes

What is the reversal for zolazepam?

Flumazenil

Is there a reversal to tiletamine

No

Name the 2 drugs classed under “benzodiazepines”

Midazolam and Diazepam

Are benzodiazepines a controlled substance?

Yes

What is the reversal agent for Midazolam

Flumazenil

What is the reversal agent for Diazepam?

Flumazenil

Name to 2 drugs classed as “NSAIDS”

Carprofen and Meloxicam

Are NSAIDS controlled drugs?

No

Does Carprofen have a reversal?

No

Does Meloxicam have a reversal?

No

Name the drug classed as “Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonist”

Dexmedetomidine

Does Dexmedetomidine have a reversal?

Yes

What is the reversal agent for Dexmedetomidine?

Atipamezole

Is Dexmedetomidine a controlled drug?

No

What drug is classed as a “Phenothiazine Tranquilizer”?

Acepromazine

Does Acepromazine have a reversal?

No

Is Acepromazine a controlled substance?

No

What drug is classed as “Anticholinergic”?

Atropine

Is atropine a controlled substance?

No

Does Atropine have a reversal?

No

What drug is classed as an injectable anesthetic?

Propofol

What are the intended effects of propofol?

To induce unconsciousness

What are the adverse affects of propofol?

Transient apnea

What is the intended affect for the drug “Dexmedetomidine”?

Sedation and some analgesia

What are the adverse effects of “Dexmedetomidine”?

Brachycardia, respiratory depression