Philippine Laws on Commerce, Drugs, Gambling, and Public Morals

This set of flashcards reviews key concepts, legal definitions, and penalties outlined in the context of Philippine laws, particularly concerning commerce, public morals, drugs, and crimes by public officers.

What does Article 187 emphasize regarding falsely marked articles made of precious metals?

The penalty for knowingly importing or selling falsely marked precious metal articles is prision correccional or a fine ranging from 200 to 1,000 pesos, or both.

What is the penalty for substituting trademarks with that of another upon an article of commerce according to Article 188?

The penalty is prision correccional in its minimum period or a fine ranging from 50 to 2,000 pesos, or both.

Which articles are considered prime necessities in Article 187 that, if involved in commerce fraud, lead to higher penalties?

Food substances, motor fuel, and lubricants.

What constitutes unfair competition as described in Article 189?

Selling goods under the pretense that they belong to another manufacturer to deceive the public or defraud another's legitimate trade.

What type of drugs are considered 'prohibited drugs' as defined in Article 190?

Opium, cocaine, Indian hemp, and their derivatives.

What is the penalty for someone who maintains an opium den?

Arresto mayor and a fine ranging from 100 to 300 pesos.

According to Article 192, what is the penalty for the importation and sale of prohibited drugs?

Prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods and a fine ranging from 300 to 10,000 pesos.

What is the punishment for illegal betting on horse races as described in Article 198?

Arresto mayor or a fine ranging from 200 to 2,000 pesos, or both.

What actions are punishable under Article 195 regarding gambling?

Taking part in lotteries or other games of chance where bets are made.

What does Article 200 stipulate regarding grave scandal?

Penalties include arresto mayor and public censure for highly scandalous conduct.

What are the penalties for disturbing public morals via publication according to Article 201?

Prision mayor or a fine ranging from six thousand to twelve thousand pesos for obscenity or public moral violations.

How is a vagrant defined under Article 202?

A person lacking visible means of support and capable of working but not applying themselves to lawful work.

What is the consequence for public officers neglecting their duties as described in Article 208?

Prision correccional in its minimum period and suspension.

What crime does Article 210 address about public officers?

Direct bribery related to performing an act for personal gain.

What defines indirect bribery according to Article 211?

Accepting gifts by public officers due to their position.

What penalties does Article 213 specify for public officers violating treasury rules?

Prision correccional in its medium period to prision mayor in its minimum period.

What constitutes malversation under Article 217?

Appropriating public funds or property in a way that benefits oneself or another unlawfully.

What is the penalty for a public officer who fails to render accounts according to Article 218?

Prision correccional in its minimum period or a fine ranging from 200 to 6,000 pesos.

What conduct does Article 246 classify as parricide?

Killing one's parents, children, or spouse.

What are the penalties for committing murder under Article 248?

Reclusion temporal in its maximum period to death.

What is the distinction between homicide and murder according to Articles 249 and 248?

Homicide lacks the aggravating circumstances that elevate murder.

What type of penalty is imposed for engaging in physical injuries under Article 262?

Reclusion temporal to reclusion perpetua for intentional mutilation.

What is the penalty for kidnapping according to Article 267?

Reclusion perpetua to death, especially if certain conditions are met.

What does Article 269 state about unlawful arrest?

Arresto mayor and a fine not exceeding 500 pesos for unlawful detention.

What criteria must exist for a public officer to be penalized under Article 228?

Opening or permitting the opening of closed documents without authority.

How does Article 233 penalize refusal of assistance by a public officer?

Arresto mayor or a fine not exceeding 1,000 pesos for failing to assist in public service.

What constitutes a crime of slight physical injuries under Article 266?

Injuries needing medical assistance for one to nine days.

According to Article 187, what happens to property involved in illegal combinations to defraud lawful commerce?

It shall be forfeited to the Government of the Philippines.

What does Article 210 signify regarding public officers accepting inducements?

They are subject to severe penalties for collaborating with criminal activity.

What describes the conduct punishable under Article 240 related to usurpation of executive powers?

An attempt by a judge to overstep boundaries into exec powers.

What is encompassed in the term 'narcotic drug' as per Article 190?

A substance producing insensibility and is habit-forming.

What action can lead to penalties defined in Article 184?

Fraudulent importation and sale of falsely marked merchandise.

What are the penalties for a physician unlawfully prescribing controlled substances as stated in Article 194?

Prision correccional or a fine ranging from 300 to 10,000 pesos, or both.

What does Article 194 stipulate regarding a physician's liability?

Prescribing opium when it's unnecessary for a patient's condition.

In Article 213, what penalty applies to public officers defrauding the treasury?

Prision correccional in its medium period to reclusion temporal in its minimum period.

What is described in Article 201 about obscene publications?

Publicly sharing literature or performances against morals is penalized heavily.

What may happen if a public officer allows a crime to occur through negligence as outlined in Article 208?

They face penalties, including suspension and imprisonment.

According to Article 223, what is the penalty for public officers consenting to a prisoner's escape?

Prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods.

What does Article 260 state regarding duel participation?

In state battles, participants may face serious criminal penalties.

What does Article 248 indicate regarding what actions escalate a murder charge?

Committing murder under treachery, premeditation, or cruelty attracts harsher penalties.

What penalty does Article 220 impose for misapplying public funds?

Prision correccional in its minimum period with fines based on the misappropriated funds.

What legal definition of 'public officer' is provided by Article 203?

Anyone involved in public duties under authority by law or election.

What is the essence of Article 189 regarding false designations?

Using false designations in goods to deceive or defraud is prohibited.

According to Article 67, how many definitions of public officer are there?

Public officer is broadly defined to include all individuals in government services.

What does the penalty for gambling-related offenses include as outlined in Article 195?

It includes arresto mayor and fines relative to the offense severity.

What does Article 182 state regarding trademarks and unfair competition?

It penalizes misleading practices that confuse goods' origins.

What prior conduct does Article 198 penalize related to horse racing?

Illegal betting outside of legally allowed periods attracts penalties.

What major categories of public morality violations does Article 201 cover?

It includes obscene literature and immoral public performances.

According to Article 189, what constitutes deceptive representation in goods?

Misleading branding or labeling to create false impressions about products.

What does Article 213 outline regarding frauds against public treasury?

Defrauding government related to procurement or contracts incurs specific penalties.

What conduct concerning food or essential commodities invokes severe penalties under Article 220?

Misuse of public funds intended for prime necessities leads to heavy penalties.

What is described in Article 203 about the responsibilities of a public officer?

Public officers must uphold legal duties in service to the government.

What key aspects do the penalties for narcotic offenses in Article 190 involve?

Severe repercussions for possession, distribution, or use of prohibited drugs.

What public morality standards are mentioned in Article 201?

Public proclamations against morality and indecent literature attract severe penalties.

What is the penalty range imposed for engaging in gaming offenses as per Article 195?

Fines and potential imprisonment depending on the severity of the gambling act.

What constitutes membership in a conspiracy regarding commerce as mentioned in Article 187?

Collaborating with others to manipulate market prices or deceive consumers.

What does Article 240 specify about breaching legislative authority?

Public officers face penalties for usurping legislative powers or duties.

How does Article 248 categorize murder with aggravating circumstances?

Murder involves elements such as premeditation or cruelty for harsher penalties.

What is a consequence for public officers failing to execute lawful orders per Article 231?

They face penalties, including fines varying based on severity and situation.

What terms define illegal drug activities in Articles 190-192?

They include possession, distribution, and use of specified prohibited substances.

How does Article 250 address frustrated attempts at serious crimes?

It allows courts to impose lesser penalties than those prescribed.

What impact does consent have on abortion laws as outlined in Articles 255-259?

Consent or lack of it affects the severity of penalties based on how abortions are conducted.

What does the term 'misuse of public funds' encapsulate according to Article 220?

Using government resources for non-legitimate purposes incurs legal penalties.

What actions are express violations of public decency under Article 200?

Conduct resulting in grave scandal or offense against public morals.