WEEK 2

TCP/IP

A set of protocols that establish how devices should communicate over the internet.

Encapsulation

Adding a header to the data being passed through the layers.

Decapsulation

The reverse process of removing the header from the data as it moves through the layers.

OSI Physical Layer

Deals with the physical transmission of raw data bits over a communication medium.

OSI Data Link Layer

Establishes, maintains, and terminates a link between two physically connected devices, adding MAC addresses.

OSI Network Layer

Manages logical addressing and routing of data, typically using IP addresses and routers.

OSI Transport Layer

Responsible for end-to-end communication, error handling, and flow control; includes protocols such as TCP and UDP.

OSI Session Layer

Manages sessions between applications, including setting up, managing, and tearing down sessions.

OSI Presentation Layer

Translates data between the application and the network; handles data encryption and compression.

OSI Application Layer

Provides services directly to users and applications, such as HTTP, FTP, and DNS.

Multiplexing

Sending streams of information from multiple signals into a single signal for transmission over a single link.

Demultiplexing

Separating a single stream of information into individual signals, the opposite of multiplexing.

IPv4 Addresses

Composed of 4 octets, each containing 8 bits, totaling 32 bits.

What is the function of the Transport Layer in TCP/IP?

Manages the delivery of packets between devices and ensures they are delivered without error.

Fill in the blank: The ________ Layer deals with the physical transmission of raw data bits over a communication medium.

Physical

Fill in the blank: ________ involves adding a header to the data as it is passed through the layers.

Encapsulation

TCP/IP Application Layer

Provides services directly to users and applications, such as HTTP, FTP, and DNS.

TCP/IP Transport Layer

Responsible for end-to-end communication, error handling, and flow control; includes protocols such as TCP and UDP.

TCP/IP Internet Layer

Manages logical addressing and routing of data between devices across different networks.

TCP/IP Network Access Layer

Contains protocols that function to connect hosts to the physical network, including Ethernet and Wi-Fi.