Chapter 1: Matter and Measurements

→Mixture components

________ may have a change in properties after getting separated out.

How many elements is matter made up of?

91

Matter

anything physically real i.e. anything with mass and volume.

Pure Substances

uniform in its chemical composition and its properties all the way down to the microscopic level.

Element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances

Chemical compound

Any pure material that can be broken down into simpler substances by a chemical change

SI

The ________ unit for reporting temperature, however, is the kelvin (K)

reactants

They consist of ________ and products.

Physical changes

________ alter with the outer condition /state of a substance whereas Chemical changes alter the chemical make up of the substance.

pure material

Any ________ that can be broken down into simpler substances by a chemical change is called a chemical compound.

Chemical composition

________- describes what matter is made of.

mass

But ________ is not the only property that can be used to distinguish between objects.

RULE 4

________: Zeroes at the end of a number and before an implied decimal point may or may not be significant.

Mixtures

________ are of two types- Homogenous mixture and Heterogenous mixture.

Mixture components

________ can be separated out without any change in properties.

chemical composition

describes what matter is made of

chemical reactivity

which describes how matter behaves

eq

ice

Mixtures are of two types

Homogenous mixture and Heterogenous mixtures

eg

sugar dissolved in water

eg

vegetable stew in which each spoonful is different,

RULE 1

Zeroes in the middle of a number are like any other digit; they are always significant

RULE 2

Zeroes at the beginning of a number are not significant; they act only to locate the decimal point

RULE 3

Zeroes at the end of a number and after the decimal point are significant

RULE 4

Zeroes at the end of a number and before an implied decimal point may or may not be significant

FACTOR LABEL METHOD → a quantity in one unit is converted into an equivalent quantity in a different unit by using a conversion factor that expresses the relationship between units

Starting quantity * Conversion factor = Equivalent quantity

→Temperature in °C = Temperature in K

273.15

Celsius to Fahrenheit

°F = ( (1.8°F/ °C) * °C) + 32 °F

specific gravity

the density of the substance divided by the density of water at the same temperature. It is unitless.

specific heat

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 °C