CNA Review

Impaired vision care

Approach from the front, identify yourself, describe surroundings, keep environment consistent, and offer your arm when walking.

Autoclave

A machine that uses steam and pressure to kill all microorganisms.

Sterilization

The complete destruction of all microorganisms, including spores.

Role of a CNA

Assist with ADLs, observe and report changes, provide emotional support, and follow nurse instructions.

Outside a CNA's role

Diagnosing, giving medications, and creating care plans.

Weighing a patient in a wheelchair

Weigh the wheelchair alone, then the patient with the wheelchair, and subtract the wheelchair weight.

Huntington's disease

A hereditary disorder that causes uncontrolled movements and mental decline.

Safest razor for residents

An electric razor.

Ethics vs Morals

Ethics are professional rules, while morals are personal beliefs.

Aphasia

Difficulty speaking or understanding language.

Osteoporosis

A condition where bones become weak and brittle, increasing fracture risk.

Irregular pulse response

Report it to the nurse immediately.

HIV transmission

Through blood and body fluids.

HIV and touch

No, it is not spread by casual contact like touching or hugging.

During a seizure

Protect the resident’s head, move objects away, do not restrain, and do not put anything in the mouth.

After a seizure

Place the resident in a side-lying position, check breathing, stay with them, and report.

Stage 1 pressure ulcer

Red skin that is not broken.

Stage 2 pressure ulcer

Partial skin loss with a blister or shallow wound.

Stage 3 pressure ulcer

Full skin loss where fat may be visible.

Stage 4 pressure ulcer

Deep tissue damage with muscle or bone visible.

Stroke (CVA)

Brain damage caused by lack of blood flow.

Signs of a stroke

Face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, and the need for immediate action.

TIA

A temporary 'mini-stroke' where symptoms go away quickly but still requires emergency attention.

Restorative care

Care that helps residents regain or maintain independence.

Dementia

A condition involving loss of memory, thinking, and reasoning.

Early-stage dementia

Mild forgetfulness with mostly independent function.

Middle-stage dementia

Increased confusion and need for help with daily activities.

Late-stage dementia

Severe impairment with total dependence on others.

CDC

An organization that focuses on disease prevention and infection control guidelines.

Dangling

Sitting at the side of the bed with legs hanging to prevent dizziness before standing.

Hoyer lift use

Transferring residents who cannot bear weight.

Draining tub water

To prevent infection and reduce safety hazards.

Oil-based products in tubs

They increase the risk of slipping.

Non-skid socks

To prevent falls.

HIPAA

A law that protects patient privacy and confidentiality.

Interprofessional team meeting

A meeting where healthcare team members create and discuss a resident’s care plan.

Wrinkle-free linens importance

To prevent pressure ulcers and maintain comfort.

Diagnosing medical conditions

A doctor or physician assistant.

Neglect

Failure to provide proper care.

Abuse

Intentional harm to a resident.

Malpractice

A professional mistake that causes harm.

Suspecting abuse or neglect

Report it immediately.

Elderly residents losing fatty tissue

They become more sensitive to cold.

Elderly residents bruising easily

Because of thinner skin and fragile blood vessels.

Scope of practice

The tasks a CNA is legally allowed to perform.

Basic patient rights

Privacy, dignity, safety, and the right to refuse care.

MSDS (SDS)

A document that provides information about chemicals, including hazards and safety precautions.

Tubs cleaning

After each use to prevent infection spread.

Slurred speech and weakness emergency response

Report immediately to the nurse; treat as a medical emergency.

Importance of dangling a resident

To prevent dizziness and reduce the risk of falls.

First action during a seizure

Protect the resident from injury by clearing the area and supporting the head.

Post-seizure action

Place the resident in a side-lying position and check breathing.

Responding to a cancer question

Tell them the nurse or doctor will discuss that information with them.

Reason for wrinkle-free linens

To prevent pressure ulcers and maintain comfort.

Reporting bruises on resident

Report it immediately according to facility policy.

Elderly residents getting cold

Loss of fatty tissue reduces insulation.

Purpose of non-skid socks

To prevent falls.

Reporting an irregular pulse

Report it to the nurse immediately.

Correct way to weigh a resident in a wheelchair

Weigh the wheelchair alone, then with the resident, and subtract the difference.

Main purpose of HIPAA

To protect patient privacy and confidentiality.

Discussing resident’s condition in public

No, it violates privacy laws.

Purpose of a Hoyer lift

To safely transfer residents who cannot bear weight.

Using gloves with an HIV resident

Only when there is a risk of contact with blood or body fluids.

Difference between stroke and TIA

A stroke causes permanent damage, while a TIA is temporary but still serious.

Focus of restorative care

Helping residents maintain or regain independence.

Refusal of care by a resident

Respect their right and report it to the nurse.

Neglect definition

Failure to provide necessary care.

Abuse definition

Intentional harm to a resident.

Reporting suspected abuse

Report it immediately.

CDC's role in healthcare

To provide infection control guidelines and prevent disease.

Cleaning tubs after use

To prevent infection spread.

Oil-based products risk in tubs

They increase the risk of slipping.

Aphasia association

Stroke.

Stage 2 pressure ulcer description

Partial skin loss with a blister or shallow wound.

Safest razor for residents

An electric razor.

CNA's scope of practice

Assisting with ADLs, taking vital signs, and reporting changes.

Not included in a CNA’s scope of practice

Diagnosing or administering medications.

Interprofessional team meeting purpose

A meeting where healthcare workers discuss and plan resident care.

MSDS (SDS) content

Chemical hazards and safety precautions.

Elderly residents bruising reason

Their skin is thinner and blood vessels are more fragile.

Best communication with a dementia resident

Use simple instructions and remain calm and patient.

Main goal of patient rights

To ensure dignity, privacy, and safety.