chem 102 - exam 1

alkanes

acyclic hydrocarbons with only single covalent bonds; saturated in H content

cycloalkenes

cyclic alkenes; unsaturated

alkenes

acyclic hydrocarbons with one C=C covalent bond; unsaturated

cycloalkenes

cyclic alkenes; unsaturated

dienes

acyclic hydrocarbons with two C=C covalent bonds; unsaturated

alkynes

acyclic hydrocarbons with one C≡C covalent bond; unsaturated

aromatic hydrocarbons

only benzene derivatives: hydrocarbons that contain a benzene ring; unsaturated

meth

1

eth

2

prop

3

but

4

pent

5

hex

6

hept

7

oct

8

nona

9

deca

10

alkane formula

C(n)H(2n+2)

non-cyclic alkene formula

C(n)H(2n)

cyclic alkene formula

C(n)H(2n-2)

alkyne formula

C(n)H(2n-2)

-OH

hydroxyl

-O-

ether bond

C=O

carbonyl

-HC=O

aldehyde

-CO-

ketone

-CO-OH

carboxyl

-CO-OR

ester

-CO-NH2

amide

-NH2, -NHR, or -NRR’

amino