WWII Test Review

bidrfuiherwuihfruihfihu;fnuor

When was WWI fought?

1939

At the beginning of WWII America attempted to remain neutral and follow a foreign policy of;

Isolationism

Why did the US focus on practicing this foreign policy?

They didnt want to go to war again

Define Appeasement

Giving into demands in order to avoid conflict

Allowed Germany to take the ________

sudeten

Allowed Germany to annex the entire nation of ____________

Austria

The even that started WWII in ________ (year) was Germany´s invasion of _______

1939; Poland

Why did FDR refer to the US as an ¨arsenal of democracy¨?

We were supplying the arsenal of democracy in Europe

What was the Lend Lease Act?

It allowed Britain and France to borrow or rent weapons. Pay what you can

What was the goal of the flying tigers?

they delivered war supplies to china

Why did the US impose an embargo on Japan in the early 1940s?

It was an attempt to stop Japan aggression in the Pacific

How did the Treaty of Versaille cause the war?

it punished the germans for WWI and had to pay reparations

How did the Economic Depression cause the war?

global problem not just in US

How did Appeasement cause the war?

giving into a hostile power to keep peace

How did Militarism cause the war?

buildup of military forces

Who were the AXIS powers?

Japan, Italy, Germany

who was the leader of Japan during the war?

Emperor Hirohito and General Tojo

Who was the leader of Italy during the war?

Mussolini

who was the leader of germany during the war?

Hitler

Who was apart of the ALLIED powers?

France, America, China, England. Soviet Union

Who was the leader of France during the war?

Charles De Gaulle

Who was the Leader of America during the war?

FDR and Truman

Who was the leader of China in the war?

Chiang Kai Shek

Who was the leader of England during the war?

Neville Chamberlain and Winston Churchill

Who was the leader of the Soviet Union?

Stalin

What was the date of the attack on Pearl Harbor?

December 7, 1941

Describe the attack on Pearl Harbor

Japan attacked US naval base Pearl Harbor in hawaii

What was FDRś response to the attack?

he asked congress to declare war

Describe Executive Order 9066 (why was it passed and what did it do?)

It allowed the military to relocate Japanese Americans living on the west coast to internment camps

How does Japanese Internment violate the 14th amendment?

No lawyers, no trial with jury, no speedy trial, they weren´t told what they were charged with

What was the ruling in Korematsu vs US? How does this outcome compare to Schenck vs US?

Their rights were being restricted during war time because they thought it posed a serious threat to the nation. They also said that the government can expand their power in times of crisis

How did the role of women on the home front change?

they got more jobs; got equal pay

How did the Office of Price Administration change the lives of Americans?

They introduced rationing, which limited the amount of goods that Americans could buy to ensure we had enough for troops and allies

What was the purpose of victory gardens?

people grew their own food so that farmers’ produce could go to our troops and allies

List two ways the US paid for WWII

war bonds and increased taxes

What was the impact of Executive Order 8802?

banned racial discrimination for workers in defense industries

What did Vernon Baker receive for his service during WWII?

Congressional Medal of honor

Describe the tuskegee airmen (aka the red tails).

a unit of all black pilots. their job was to escort other pilots on bombing missions

What did the success of the Tuskegee Airmen lead to?

Integration of the military after WWII

What was the goal of the Double V campaign?

Victory over the Axis powers abroad and victory over racism at home.

How did the Navajo Code Talkers contribute to the war in the Pacific?

They used their remote Navajo language to create an unbreakable code.

The bracero program was a wartime labor agreement between the US and ___________ that allowed workers to temporarily work in US ________

Mexico; farms and railroads

Radar

Used to spot incoming enemy planes or ships

Penicillin

an antibiotic that would treat wound infections, pneumonia, and other bacterial diseases

Describe the Battle of Britain

Hitler bombed major cities to kill as many civilians as possible in attempt to get britain to surrender

What technology saved Briitain?

Radar so they could detect nazi planes before hitting major cities

When did D-day happen?

June 6, 1944

Who planned the D-Day invasion?

General Dwight D. Eisenhower

What was the goal of the D-Day invasion?

Free france from nazi control and force germany to fight on multiple fronts

What were the results of the D-Day invasion?

it was the key to hitlers defeat

What are other names for D-Day?

operation overlord, invasion of normandy

What was the Holocaust?

The mass genocide of Jewish people and undesirables labeled by the nazis

What did American soldiers discover when they liberated the concentration camps?

unimaginable scene of mass murder, starvation, disease and torture

What was the purpose of the island hopping campaign?

they would capture islands and use them as air bases to invade japan

Which American admiral developed the island-hopping strategy?

Chester Nimitz

Describe Japans actions during the Bataan Death March

Japans army captured Americans and marched them 65 miles to a prisoner camp. The soldiers were denied food and water, forced to sit in the sun for hours, beaten and killed if they walked too slow

Why is the battle of midway considered the turning point of the war in the pacific?

Japan used kamikaze suicide pilots but the US won, destroyed japans navy and took back the Philippines

Which American general recaptured the Philippines?

General Douglas Mac Arthur

What was the significance of the Battle of Iwo Jima and Okinawa?

we were now close enough to Japan to launch a full scale invasion

Describe the Manhattan Project

A military project to build atomic bombs

Why did Truman decide to use the atomic bomb against Japan?

he thought it would save more american lives and force Japan to surrender

What is the purpose of the United Nations?

prevent war, promote peace, and create an international military to stop aggression

The purpose of the Nuremberg trials

to prosecute nazis for holocaust and violating the treaty of versaille

The purpose of the tokyo trials

prosecute the Japanese for violating the Treaty of Versailles and torturing civilians and prisoners