Thẻ ghi nhớ: Cambridge 16 Test 4 | Quizlet

patio (n)
In the summer we have breakfast out on the patio

hiên nhà

potted plant (phr)
- We bought some potted plants to brighten up the living room.
- Potted plants can look very attractive on a patio.

a plant that is grown in a pot

deposit (v,n)
- I deposited my luggage in a locker at the station
- I deposited £500 in my account this morning
- When we moved in, we had to deposit $1,000 with the landlord in case we broke any of his things
- The flood left a thick deposit of mud over the entire ground floor of the house.
- To open an account, you need to make a minimum deposit of $500
- We paid a deposit of £5,000 on the house, and paid the balance four weeks later.
- It costs $2,000 a week to rent the yacht, with a $200 refundable deposit.

(v): - to leave something somewhere
- to put something valuable, especially money, in a bank or safe (= strong box or cupboard with locks)
- to pay someone an amount of money when you agree to pay for or buy something, either as part of the total payment, or as an amount that will be returned to you later, if you keep the agreed arrangement (đặt cọc)

(n): - a substance or layer that is left, usually after a liquid is removed
- a payment, especially into a bank account
- tiền đặt cọc

agenda (n)
- We have a very full agenda of issues to discuss.
- Education is now at the top of the government's agenda (= most important).
- The artist is letting his own agenda affect what was meant to be a community project.

- a list of items to be discussed at a meeting
- a plan of things to be done, or problems to be addressed
- the intention behind what somebody says or does, that is often secret

pothole (n)

ổ gà

on hold (idi)
- She put her career on hold to have a baby.
- The project is on hold until more money is available.
- I'll just pop you on hold.

- delayed until a later time or date
- if a person on the phone is put on hold, they have to wait until the person they want to talk to becomes free or has found out the information that is needed

pavement (n)
- a pavement cafe
- Don't ride your bike on the pavement!

vỉa hè, lề đường = sidewalk

handy (adj)
- handy hints/tips for removing stains
- Always keep a first-aid kit handy
- to be handy with a sewing machine
- Lucy is quite handy with a drill!

- easy to use or to do
- located near to somebody/something; located or stored in a convenient place
- able to use your hands or tools to make or repair things well

come in handy (idi)
Don't throw that away—it might come in handy.

to be useful

add up (phr.v)
- I added up my shopping trips, and, let me tell you, I spent a horrifying amount on clothes this month
- A: "What's wrong?" B: "The waiter gave us our bill, but it doesn't add up. It's like they charged us for an extra person's meal."
- I listened to Jill's explanation, but I'm still skeptical—something just doesn't add up
- It will take a while for you to become a master, but all this practice really does add up
- Guys, I've added up the best players on the other team, and we can definitely take them

- to calculate the sum or total of multiple items
- to equal the expected or presumed amount
- to be logical or believable
- to become a significant amount
- to judge someone or something

bear out (phr.v)
If you didn't do anything wrong, then the investigation will bear out your innocence

to support or prove a claim or idea

territory (n)
- He was shot down in enemy territory
- Here are some top tips for travel in Canada's Yukon Territory
- The robin keeps other birds off that part of the garden - that's his territory
- The director is back on familiar territory with his latest film

đất đai, khu vực, lãnh thổ
- (an area of) land, or sometimes sea, that is considered as belonging to or connected with a particular country or person
- (especially in Australia, Canada, and the United States) a large area that has some local government but fewer rights than a province or a state
- an area that an animal or person tries to control or thinks belongs to them
- a subject that you know about or have experience in

at (regular) intervals (phr)
In the event of fire, the alarm will sound at 15-second intervals/at intervals of 15 seconds.

repeated after a particular period of time or a particular distance

pass on (phr.v)
- Please pass on the book once you're finished with it
- My grandfather passed his record collection on to me because he knew I loved old music
- I'm sorry, but we had to pass on your application

- to give, transmit, transfer, or deliver something = convey, send, impart, communicate
- to bequeath something
- to decline or refuse something

deviate (v)
- The recent pattern of weather deviates from the norm for this time of year
- The path follows the river closely, occasionally deviating around a clump of trees

- to do something that is different from the usual or common way of behaving
- to go in a different direction

penetrate (v)
- Amazingly, the bullet did not penetrate his brain
- The organization had been penetrated by a spy
- These changes had not yet penetrated as far west as the mountains of Merioneth
- Our eyes couldn't penetrate the dark/the gloom of the inner cave
- He penetrates deeper into the artist's life in the second volume of his autobiography

- to move into or through something (xuyên qua) = enter, pierce, infiltrate, breach
- to succeed in becoming part of an organization, etc. and working within it (thâm nhập)
- to reach or affect something
- If your eyes penetrate somewhere dark, you manage to see through it
- to study or investigate something in order to understand it

trace (v,n)
- Their missing daughter was finally traced to (= found in) Manchester
- The phone company was unable to trace the call
- The practice of giving eggs at Easter can be traced back to (= first happened in) festivals in ancient China
- The film traces the events leading up to the Russian Revolution in 1917
- Did you draw this picture yourself, or did you trace it?
- The child was tracing patterns in/on the sand with a stick
- When she moved out, she left no trace of having been there
- The phone company put a trace on the call
- There is just a trace of grey in his hair

(v): - to find someone or something that was lost
- to find the origin of something
- to discover the causes or origins of something by examining the way in which it has developed
- to describe the way in which something has developed
- to copy a drawing or pattern, etc. by drawing over its lines through a thin piece of transparent paper
- to draw a shape by showing the main or outer lines (phác họa)
(n): - dấu vết
- an act of finding information about something electronically, or the record of the information found in this way
- a very slight amount (một chút)

quench (v)
- When it's hot, it's best to quench your thirst with water
- The flames were quenched by heavy rain
- Her thirst for knowledge will never be quenched

- to drink liquid so that you stop being thirsty (làm hết khát)
- to use water to put out a fire (dập lửa)
- to satisfy a need or wish

patron (n)
- The Princess Royal is a well-known patron of several charities
- Will patrons kindly note that this restaurant will be closed on 17 July

- a person or group that supports an activity or organization, especially by giving money
- a person who uses a particular shop, restaurant, hotel, etc., especially regularly

divert (v)
- Our flight had to be diverted to Newark because of the storm
- Should more funds/money/resources be diverted from roads into railways?
- The war has diverted attention from the country's economic problems
- It's a great game for diverting restless kids on long car rides

- to cause something or someone to change direction (chuyển hướng, đổi hướng) = redirect, deflect, reroute, switch
- to use something for a different purpose
- to take someone's attention away from something
- to entertain someone

rectify (v)
- I am determined to take whatever action is necessary to rectify the situation.
- Every effort is made to rectify any errors/mistakes before the book is printed.

to correct something or make something right (sửa chữa)

pacifier (n)

núm vú giả

hunch (n,v)
- I had a hunch that you'd be here.
- Sometimes you have to be prepared to act on/follow a hunch
- We hunched round the fire to keep warm
- I know, my posture is terrible after years of hunching over a computer keyboard

(n): an idea that is based on feeling and for which there is no proof (linh cảm)
(v): to lean forward with your shoulders raised or to bend your back and shoulders into a rounded shape = bend, huddle

unbeknownst/unbeknown to someone (phr)
Unbeknownst to me, he had rented out the apartment while I was away

without a particular person knowing

underlie (v)
More fundamental economic problems may underlie last week's stock market slide

to be a hidden cause of or strong influence on something
= motivate, cause, inspire, trigger

subtly (adv)
This discovery had subtly changed/altered the way I thought about myself

in a way that is small and difficult to notice or describe, but important
= intelligently, sensitively, artfully

acquisition (n)
- The acquisition of huge amounts of data has helped our research enormously
- Education is not merely about the acquisition of knowledge
- I like your earrings - are they a recent acquisition? (= Did you get them recently?)

= gaining, attainment, achievement, purchase
- the process of getting something
- the process of gradually learning something or gaining something such as a skill
- something that someone buys, often to add to a collection of things

necessitate (v)
Reduction in government spending will necessitate further cuts in public services

to cause something to be needed, or to make something necessary (bắt phải, đòi hỏi phải, cần phải có) = require, demand, need, dictate

decode (v)
Decoding the paintings is not difficult once you know what the component parts symbolize

to discover the meaning of information given in a secret or complicated way (giải mã) = make sense of, work out, interpret, translate

elaborate (adj,v)
- You want a plain blouse to go with that skirt - nothing too elaborate
- The congresswoman said she was resigning, but refused to elaborate on her reasons for doing so

(adj): containing a lot of careful detail or many detailed parts = detailed
(v): to add more information to or explain something that you have said

affective (adj)
He has no affective ties to his family

connected with the emotions
= emotional, sentimental, moving, touching

internalize (v)
- He had not expected the people so readily to internalize the values of democracy
- He usually internalized his anger, rather than expressing it to anyone.

- to accept an idea, attitude, belief, etc., so that it becomes part of your character = adopt, affect, assume
- If you internalize your emotions or feelings, you do not express them openly

inference (n)
They were warned to expect a heavy air attack and by inference many casualties

a guess that you make or an opinion that you form based on the information that you have
= implication, interpretation, suggestion

err (v)
He erred in agreeing to her appointment to the position

to make a mistake or to do something wrong (phạm sai lầm)

hinge (n)
We had to take the front door off its hinges to get our new sofa into the house

bản lề, khớp nối

blueprint (n)
their blueprint for economic reform

bản thiết kế
- an early plan or design that explains how something might be achieved (bản kế hoạch chi tiết)
= design, pattern

medium (n)
- the broadcasting/print medium
- They told the story through the medium of dance

a method or way of expressing something
= way, avenue, mode, method, means

sequence (n,v)
- The first chapter describes the strange sequence of events that led to his death
- They discussed how to sequence the steps in the plan

trình tự, sắp xếp
(n): a series of related things or events, or the order in which they follow each other = order, arrange, structure
(v): to combine things in a particular order, or discover the order in which they are combined

collateral (n,adj)
- He put his farm up as collateral
- collateral senses of a word
- a collateral branch of the family

(n): tài sản thế chấp
(adj): connected but less important, or of the same family although not directly related

atrophy (v)
- After several months in a hospital bed, my leg muscles had atrophied.
- In the 1980s, their political power gradually atrophied (= became weaker)

(of a part of the body) to be reduced in size and therefore strength, or, more generally, to become weaker (sự hao mòn, teo)

bombardment (n)
- The bombardment had begun several days earlier, destroying many buildings
- A president is under constant bombardment from every direction

- a continuous attack on a place with guns or bombs (sự ném bom, oanh tạc) = attack, offensive, assault
- a situation in which so many questions or other things are directed at someone, that they find it difficult to deal with them

incentivize (v)
We need to incentivize our sales managers to achieve these targets

to make someone want to do something (khuyến khích)

redress (v,n)
- Most managers, politicians and bosses are men - how can women redress the balance (= make the situation fairer and more equal)?
- He went to the industrial tribunal to seek redress for the way his employers had discriminated against him

- to put right a wrong or give payment for a wrong that has been done
- money that you have to pay to someone else because you have injured that person or treated them badly
= compensation

subjective (adj)
I think my husband is the most handsome man in the world, but I realize my judgment is rather subjective

chủ quan
>< objective

divergence (n)
- The divergence between the incomes of the rich and the poor countries seems to be increasing.
- Recently published statistics show a divergence from previous trends.

the situation in which two things become different (sự khác biệt, phân chia )

competent (adj)
- a competent secretary/rider/cook
- I wouldn't say he was brilliant but he is competent at his job

able to do something well (có năng lực)
= capable, able, knowledgeable, experienced

seemingly (adv)
- He remains confident and seemingly untroubled by his recent problems
- The factory closure is seemingly inevitable

có vẻ như, dường như
= apparently, outwardly, ostensibly
- appearing to be something, especially when this is not true
- according to the facts that you know

outlandish (adj)
an outlandish hairstyle/outfit

strange and unusual and difficult to accept or like (kỳ dị, lạ thường)
= unusual, bizarre, strange, weird

acutely (adv)
- Another scandal would be acutely embarrassing for the government
- She acutely identified all the main problems.

- completely or extremely
= very, intensely, highly, deeply
- in a very clever or detailed way

disproportionate (adj)
The country's great influence in the world is disproportionate to its relatively small size

too large or too small in comparison to something else, or not deserving its importance or influence (không cân đối, không cân xứng)
= uneven, unequal, inconsistent, unbalanced

foolproof (adj)
- I don't believe there's any such thing as a foolproof system for making money.
- This new recipe is supposed to be foolproof

(of a plan or machine) so simple and easy to understand that it is unable to go wrong or be used wrongly (rõ ràng, đơn giản, dễ hiểu)
~ safe, guaranteed, infallible, perfect

in part (phr)
The deadline for applications is being extended, in part because of the postal strike

partly, or to some degree

polarize (v)
- The issue has polarized the nation.
- Two developments have polarized the debate

to cause something, especially something that contains different people or opinions, to divide into two completely opposing groups (làm xung đột, chia cắt)
= separate, differentiate, divide, split

pertinently (adv)
- One of the shareholders pertinently asked why there was no formal record of the meeting
- Do you have any idea when this started or, more pertinently, when it might end?

in a way that relates directly to the subject being considered (cụ thể hơn)
~ relevantly, appositely, appropriately, suitably

surveillance (n)
- The police have kept the nightclub under surveillance because of suspected illegal drug activity.
- More banks are now installing surveillance cameras

giám sát

disclosure (n)
Any public disclosure of this information would be very damaging to the company.

the act of making something known or the fact that is made known (sự tiết lộ)
= revelation, expose, discovery

implement (v,n)
- The changes to the national health system will be implemented next year
- garden/household/agricultural implements
- Shopkeepers are not supposed to sell knives and other sharp implements to children

(v): to start using a plan or system (thi hành, thực hiện, thực thi)
= apply, realize, execute, employ
(n): a tool that works by being moved by hand or by being pulled across a surface (vật dụng, dụng cụ)