BLOOD & TISSUE NEMATODES

Filariae

Arthropod-transmitted parasites of vertebrae animals

Microfilariae

Larva of filariae

Ovoviviparous

Females of filariae are considered what?

Wuchereria bankrofti

Scientific name of Bankroft’s filaria

Bankroft’s filaria

Common name of Wuchereria bankrofti

Malayan filaria

Common name of brugia malayi

Brugia malayi

Scientific name of malayan filaria

Loa loa

Scientific name of eye worm

Eye worm

Common name of loa loa

Onchocerca volvulus

Scientific name of blinding filaria

Blinding filaria

Common name of onchocerca volvulus

Bankroftian filariasis

Disease of wuchereria bankrofti

Wuchereria bankrofti

Most common filarial species to infect humans

Sheathed

Sheath of wuchereria bankrofti microfilariae

Pointed w/ no nuclei

Tail of wuchereria bankrofti

Regularly spaced

Nucleus spacing of wuchereria bankrofti microfilariae

None

Terminal nuclei of wuchereria bankrofti microfilariae

1:1

Cephalic space length-width ratio of wuchereria bankrofti microfilariae

Graceful

General appearance of wuchereria bankrofti microfilariae

Bluntly rounded

Anterior of wuchereria bankrofti

Tapered

Posterior of wuchereria bankrofti

Lower lymphatic system

Habitat of adult wuchereria bankrofti

Giemsa

The sheath of wuchereria bankrofti can be stained with what?

Nocturnal

Periodicity of wuchereria bankrofti

Mosquito (culex, aedes, anopheles)

Intermediate host of wuchereria bankrofti

Filariform

Infective stage to man of wuchereria bankrofti

Microfilaria

Infective stage to vector of wuchereria bankrofti

Microfilaria (blood)

Diagnostic stage of wuchereria bankrofti

Skin penetration via vector

Mode of transmission of wuchereria bankrofti

Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia

Syndrome characterized by persistant hypereosinophilia, cough and wheezing with scanty production of sputum and a variable x-ray appearance

Sowda

Pruritic popular eruption where the skin is swollen and dark

Diethylcarbamacine

Drug of choice for wuchereria bankrofti

Malayi filariasis

Disease of brugia malayi

Giemsa (bright pink)

Stain used for brugia malayi

Irregularly spaced

Nucleus spacing of brugia malayi

Sheathed

Sheath of brugia malayi

2

Terminal nuclei of brugia malayi

2:1

Cephalic space length-width ratio of brugia malayi

Kinky

General appearance of brugia malayi

Upper lymphatic system

Habitat of brugia malayi

Nocturnal

Periodicity of brugia malayi

Mosquito (mansonia, anopheles)

Intermediate host of brugia malayi

Macaques and leaf monkeys

Reservoir host of brugia malayi

Filariform

Infective stage to man of brugia malayi

Microfilaria

Infective stage to vector of brugia malayi

Microfilaria (blood)

Diagnostic stage of brugia malayi

Diethylcarbamazine

Drug of choice for brugia malayi

Loasis

Disease of loa loa

Man

Final host of loa loa

Chrysops (mango fly)

Intermediate host of loa loa

Subcutaneous tissue

Habitat of loa loa

Loa loa

Known as the african eye worm and lives in subcutaneous tissues

Diurnal

Periodicity of loa loa

Filariform

Infective stage to man of loa loa

Microfilaria

Infective stage to vector of loa loa

Skin penetration

Mode of transmission of loa loa

Surgical removal

Treatment of loa loa

Onchocerciasis

Disease of onchocerca volvulus

Subcutaneous tissue

Habitat of onchocerca volvulus

Black flies (simulium)

Intermediate host of onchocerca volvulus

Unsheathed

Sheath of onchocerca volvulus

Non-periodic

Periodicity of onchocerca volvulus

Filariform

Infective stage to man of onchocerca volvulus

Microfilaria

Infective stage to vector of onchocerca volvulus

Skin penetration

Mode of transmission of onchocerca volvulus

Skin snips

Laboratory test for onchocerca volvulus

Diethylcarbamazine

Drug of choice of onchocerca volvulus

Manzonella ozzardi

Found in central and south america and in some areas of the carribean and reside in subcutaneous tissues

Manzonella perstans

Occurs in many areas of tropical africa and sporadically in central and south america and the carroibean and reside in body cavities and mesenteries

Manzonella streptocerca

Found in tropical africa and may be confused with onchocerca volvulus

DEC

Drug of choice for manzonella streptocerca

Dracunculus medinensis

Scientific name of guinea worm

Guinea worm

Common name of dracunculus medinensis

Copepods

Intermediate host of dracunculus medinensis

Filariform

Infective stage of dracunculus medinensis

Adult worm

Diagnostic stage of dracunculus medinensis

Ingestion of infected copepods

Mode of transmission of dracunculus medinensis

Metronidazole

Drug of choice of dracunculus medinensis

Trichinella spiralis

Scientific name of muscle worm

Muscle worm

Common name of trichinella spiralis

Swine

Final host of trichinella spiralis

Man

Dead-end host of trichinella spiralis

Small intestine

Habitat of adult trichinella spiralis

Striated muscle

Habitat of larvae trichinella spiralis

Encysted larva

Diagnostic stage of trichinella spiralis

Encysted larva

Infective stage of trichinella spiralis

Ingestion of pork

mode of transmission of trichinella spiralis

Human eosinophilic meningoencephalitis

Disease caused by angiostrongylus cantonensis

Angiostrongylus costaricensis

This parasite is responsible for the intestinal form of angiostrongyliasis