Dosage - 3rd Exam

The test used to detect endotoxins in sterile preparations is called: 

LAL test

Potency test

Bioburden test

Particulates test

LAL test

Non-viable air sampling that is done as part of quality assurance of compounded sterile preparations: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Tests sterlity of compounded sterile preparations

Samples nonviable airborne particles

Measure of performance of engineering controls

Samples nonviable airborne particles

Measure of performance of engineering controls

Which of the following is an example for a quality control activity? 

Acceptance or rejection of raw materials

Gloved finger tip testing

Pressure differential monitoring

Surface testing inside a laminar airflow hood

Acceptance or rejection of raw materials 

The mechanism of sterilization associated with steam sterilization (autoclaving) is: 

Denaturation of microbial proteins

Dehydration and oxidation of cell wall

Irradiation with ionizing radiation

Physical removal using membrane filters

Denaturation of microbial proteins 

Which of the following are closely related to endotoxins? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) 

Cell membrane component of gram negative bacteria

Rabbits used in testing

LAL reagent

Can be removed by autoclaving

Cell membrane component of gram negative bacteria

LAL reagent

Aerodynamic properties of aerosol particles are influenced by: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) 

Size

Shape

Density

Molecular weight

Interfacial Tension

Size

Shape

Density

Concepts/terminology closely related to nebulized aerosols include (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) 

Sterile

Dry powder

Aqueous solution

Spray dried lactose

Liquid droplets in air

Sterile

Aqueous Solution

Liquid droplets in air

The mechanism through which aerosol particles move from lung periphery to the epiglottis is termed: 

Mucociliary transport

Paracellular transport

Transcellular transport

Cell-mediated transport

Mucociliary transport

The particle size that is best suited for the formulation of aerosols is referred to as:

Respirable size

Ideal particle size

Fine particle size

Coarse particle size

Respirable size

A mechanism involved in the absorption of aerosols from the lungs is:

Diffusion

Sedimentation

Mucociliary clearance

Transcellular transport

Transcellular transport 

The primary difference between a DPI and a pMDI is that the active ingredient in DPI’s is present:

In the gas form

In the solid form

In the liquid form

As solid, liquid, or gas forms

In the solid form

T/F DPI’s are physically and chemically more stable than pMDI’s.

True

A parameter that may be used to predict potential radioactivity in an atomic species is: 

n/p ratio

Color of the solid material

Atomic mass

Particle size of the solid material

n/p ratio

Which of the following has the greatest degree of penetration? 

α–rays

β negative –rays

γ–rays

β positive –rays

γ–rays

An ideal radiopharmaceutical used as a therapeutic agent should undergo particle emission.

True

False

True

Positron emission is predicted when:

The n/p ratio is too large for stability

The n/p ratio is too small for stability

The nucleus is in an excited state

The n/p ratio is equal to one

The n/p ratio is too small for stability

Which of the following radiopharmaceuticals is utilized in positron emission tomography?

99mTc bonded with a surfactant

Yttrium-90 administered via the femoral artery

2 Fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG)​

133Xe

2 Fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG)​

Which of the following radiations results in a mass loss of 4 units?

Alpha

Beta

Gamma

Positron

Alpha

Identify the mass-less and charge-less radiation.

Alpha

Beta

Gamma

Positron

Gamma

Shields used to protect from nuclear radiation are made of:

Paper

Plastic

Glass

Lead

Lead

Which of the following radiations has the highest degree of penetration?

Alpha

Beta

Gamma

Positron

Gamma

T/F An ideal radiopharmaceutical used as a therapeutic agent should undergo particle emission.

True

Nanocrystalline fenofibrate (TriCor) was introduced in the market by Abbott Laboratories in 2004. The new formulations were available in 48 mg and 145 mg and replaced the conventional tablets of higher strengths (54 mg and 160 mg). Which of the following may be true about the nanocrystalline formulation? 

It will have low solubility when compared to conventional tablet formulation

It will have high solubility when compared to conventional tablet formulation

Its solubility will be identical to that of the conventional tablet formulation

Its toxicity is more severe than conventional tablet formulation

It will have high solubility when compared to conventional tablet formulation

Which of following is true about controlled release dosage forms?

Release drug immediately after administration

Significant fluctuations in plasma drug levels

Drug release rate is highly predictable

Greater adverse effects than conventional formulations

Drug release rate is highly predictable

The technology that utilizes activation of drug release at a constant rate through a delivery orifice in the presence of an osmotic agent is:

Transdermal Drug Delivery System

OROS

Lipososmes

Microencapsulation

OROS

A product that uses rate pre-programmed drug delivery technology is:

Liletta IUS

Doxil

Abelcet

Abraxane

Liletta IUS

T/F Patients must remove TransdermScop prior to undergoing an MRI.

True

T/F According to the steady state flux model for transdermal drug delivery, J_s =P_s . ΔC_s, greater the concentration difference across the skin greater will be the drug flux across the site of application.

True

Factors that affect drug absorption from transdermal drug delivery systems include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Site of application

Partition coefficient of the drug

Molecular weight of the drug

Color of the drug

Site of application

Partition coefficient of the drug

Molecular weight of the drug

The mechanism of drug absorption from transdermal patches is referred to as:

Percutaneous absorption

Mucociliary clearance

Inertial impaction

Disintegration

Percutaneous

For each of the items choose the most appropriate lettered response.

DPI of Insulin	A. Atrovent HFA
An aersol that contains 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro ethane as the propellant	B. Spiriva
A product that is a sterile suspension for nebulization	C. Afrezza
A DPI of anticholinergic agent	D. Pulmicort Respules

	Question Correct Match Selected Match
DPI of Insulin	C. Afrezza
An aersol that contains 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro ethane as the propellant	A. Atrovent HFA
A product that is a sterile suspension for nebulization	D. Pulmicort Respules
A DPI of anticholinergic agent	B. Spiriva