Muscles around the hip joint - groups, attachments, action, and nerve supply.

hip joint is...

articulation between head of femur and acetabulum

hip joint

- surface lined with...

- forms

- surfaces lined with hyaline cartilage + form ball and socket synovial joint

- forms ball and socket synovial joint: acts to bear weight of instead of having large degree of motion

actebular labarum

deepens socket + provides more stability to the joint - lots of muscles that contribute to the hip joint that further stabilise the joint

actions involved with the hip joint

walking, running, squatting etc - helped by a lot of muscles

groups of the hip joint

- gluteal group (superficial + deep lateral rotator)

- iliopsoas group

iliopsoas

iliacus + psoas major

iliacus attachments

- iliac fossa of ilum

- attaches to lesser trochanter

iliacus actions

flexion at thigh at hip joint

iliacus nerve supply

femoral nerve

psoas major attachments

- lumbar vertebrae

- inserts onto lesser trochanter of femur

psoas major actions

flexion of thigh at hip

psoas major nerve supply

anterior branches of spinal segment L1-L3

gluteal muscles

- originate from posterior pelvis

- mainly act on thigh whilst running etc

name the muscles of the gluteal

- gluteus maximus (largest of 3 gluteal muscles)

- gluteus medius

- gluteus minimus

gluteus maximus attachments

- originates from posterior surface of ilium

- inserts into gluteal tuberosity of femur

gluteus maximus actions

- extensor of thigh at hip

- assists with lateral rotation

gluteus maximus nerve supply

inferior gluteal nerve

gluteus medius attachments

- gluteal surface of ilium

- inserts into greater trochanter of femur

gluteus medius actions

- medial rotation

- abduction

gluteus medius nerve supply

superior gluteal nerve

gluteus minimus attachments

- posterior ilium

- inserts onto greater trochanter

gluteus minimus actions

- medial rotation

- abduction

gluteus minimus nerve supply

nerve to piriformis

- Piriformis is important landmark: divides lesser sciatic foramen into supra + infra piriform foramen

- sciatic nerve passes directly behind this muscle - seen as flat band

other muscles of hip joint

- obturator internus

- gemelli

- quadratus femoris

obturator internus attachments

- originates from pubis

- inserts onto greater trochanter

obturator internus actions

- lateral rotation

- abduction

obturator internus nerve supply

nerve to obturator internus

gemelli attachments

1. SUPERIOR GEMELLI: originates from ischial spine

2. INFERIOR GEMELLI: originates from ischial tuberosity

- insert onto greater trochanter

gemelli action

- lateral rotation

- abduction

gemelli nerve supply

1. SUPERIOR: nerve to obturator internus

2. INFERIOR: nerve to quadratus femoris

quadratus femoris attachments

- lateral part of ischial tuberosity

- attaches to quadrate tubercle on femur

quadratus femoris actions

lateral rotation

quadratus femoris nerve supply

nerve to quadratus femoris