Morality

Morality

A

Morality

A system of principles and rules that guide behavior in society regarding what is right or wrong.

Natural law

A moral theory that suggests certain rights or values are inherent in human nature and can be understood through reason.

Subjective

Based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.

Objective

Not influenced by personal feelings or opinions; factual.

Means

The methods or instruments used to achieve an end.

Ends

The goals or outcomes that actions aim to achieve.

Culture

The social behavior, norms, and practices characteristic of a particular group or society.

Values

Principles or standards of behavior that are considered important in life.

Principle

A fundamental truth or proposition serving as the foundation for a system of belief or behavior.

Human reason/intellect

The cognitive ability to think, understand, and make judgments.

Freedom

The power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.

Evil

A profound immorality, wickedness, and depravity.

Concupiscence

An inclination towards sin or a strong desire for something, typically regarded as sinful.

Duress

Coercion or compulsion to act against one's will.

Accountability

The obligation to explain, justify, and take responsibility for one's actions.

Conscience

An inner feeling or voice that guides one's sense of right and wrong.

Lax Conscience

A conscience that is too lenient and fails to recognize moral obligations.

Doubtful Conscience

A conscience that is unsure about whether an action is morally right or wrong.

Original Innocence

The state of purity and holiness that humanity possessed before the Fall.

Common Good

The benefit of all or most members of a given community.

Vincible Ignorance

Ignorance that can be overcome with reasonable effort.

Invincible Ignorance

Ignorance that cannot be overcome due to circumstances beyond one's control.

Sin

An immoral act against divine law.

Action/Object

The physical deed being performed.

Intention

The aim or purpose behind an action.

Circumstance

The conditions or factors surrounding an action.

Inherent Evil

An action or situation that is intrinsically wrong.

Double Effect

The principle that allows for actions that have positive outcomes despite having negative effects.

Relativism

The belief that moral principles are not absolute and can vary based on context.

Proportionalism

An ethical theory that evaluates the moral legitimacy of an action based on the balance of good over evil outcomes.

Utilitarianism

An ethical theory that advocates for actions that maximize overall happiness or pleasure.

Consequentialism

The doctrine that the morality of an action is to be judged solely by its consequences.

Situation Ethics

A theory that considers the context of actions to determine right or wrong.

Evil Actions

Actions that are inherently wrong or immoral.

Neutral Actions

Actions that neither contribute to good nor evil outcomes.

Beatitude Happiness

A profound state of happiness associated with being in alignment with moral good.

Scrupulous Conscience

A conscience that is overly concerned with morality, often leading to excessive guilt or anxiety.

Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

A theory that posits moral reasoning develops through a series of stages.

Just Law

A law that is fair, reasonable, and promotes justice.

Formal Cooperation with Evil

Willingly assisting in the commission of an evil act.

Material Cooperation with Evil

Aiding or contributing to an evil action but without the intention to do so.