Nervous system terminology
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26 Terms
What is a neuron?
Function cell of the nervous system comprised of cell bodies and axons
What is a cell body?
Houses cell nucleus
What is a axon?
Transmits action potential; travels in groups
What is a nucleus?
Collection of cell bodies in the CNS
What is a ganglion?
Collection of cell bodies in the PNS
What is a tract?
Collection of axons in the CNS
What is a nerve?
Collection of axons in the PNS
What does somatic mean?
Things originated in the skin, muscles, bones, joints, and soft tissue
What does visceral mean?
Originates in the internal organs and blood vessels
What is the classification for a nerve that innervates a structure derived from mesoderm?
Somatic
What is the classification for a nerve that innervates a structure derived from endoderm?
Visceral
What is the classification for branchial arch skeletal muscle thats innervated by cranial nerves?
Visceral
What does efferent mean?
Exiting the nervous system (motor)
What does afferent mean?
Entering the nervous system (sensory)
What is general somatic efferent?
Control of skeletal muscle function
What is general somatic afferent?
Transmits pain, temperature, touch, and proprioception sensations (sensory)
What is general visceral efferent?
Control of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands (motor)
What is general visceral afferent?
Transmits pain, distention, etc. of visceral organs (sensory)
What is ectoderm?
Forms the nervous system and some eplithelium
What are the 2 subcategories of ectoderm?
Neuroectoderm and surface ectoderm
What is mesoderm?
Mesenchymal derived tissues
What are the 2 subcategories of mesoderm?
Connective tissue and muscle of voluntary control
What is endoderm?
Parenchymal (function tissue) of glandular organs and certain epithelium
What are the 2 subcategories of endoderm?
Glandular organs and epithelium (GI tract, lungs, kidneys)
What are the 4 functional classifications of spinal nerves
General somatic efferent, General somatic afferent, General visceral efferent, General visceral afferent
What are the functional classifications of cranial nerves?
Special somatic afferent, Special visceral afferent, special visceral efferent