Ap psych unit 1 vocab

psychology

they scientific study of human and animal behavior

biopsychosocial approch

Approch to understand health and illness by looking at biological, psycolgical, and social factors work together.

behaviorial perspective

perspective that looks at how we learn observable behavior ( LEARNING)

biological perspective

perspective that looks at how the body, brain, and genetics enable behavior

cognitive perspective

perspective that looks at how we process, store and retrieve information

evolutionary perspective

perspective that looks at how natural selection of traits has promoted survival of genes

humanistic perspective

perspective that looks at how we meet our needs for love and acceptance and achieve self-fulfillment

psychodynamic perspective

perspective that looks at how behavior springs from UNCONSCIOUS drives and conscious

social-cultural perspective

perspective that looks at how behavior varys from different social and cultural situations

critical thinking

thinking that challenges the sumptions of yourself and others, uses evidence to draw conclucions

hindsight bias

tendency to believe one could have forseen an outcome after it had already happend

overconfidence

tendency to be more confident than correct

confirmation bias

tendency to look for information that supports our beliefs and ignore information that contradicts

scientific method

a series of steps followed to solve a problem. Including making a hypothesis, gathering evidence, and getting data

peer reveiwers

scientific experts who evalute a researchers threroy and accuracy

theory

broad explanation for a wide set of information/patterns

hypothasis

a testable prediction

falsifiable

able to be disproved by data results

operational definitions

carfully of the exact procedure is used in a research study

replication

repeating the core of the experiment to see if the results are consistent

descriptive research

scientific investigation that is only used to observe and study

case study

descriptive research in which a small group of people or one person is deeply studied

naturalistic observation

descriptive research in which the subject is observed in their natural element, with no interfience

survey

a sample of a population self-report behavior

wording effect/framing

the way an issue is worded, can affect decisions

social desirability bias

tendency for people to say what they believe is appropriate, not what they actually do

self-report bias

when people report their behavior inaccurately because they don’t know

sample

small group of participants, drawn from a population

population

a group being studied, a sample is drawn

sampling bias

flawed sampling process that provides an unrepresented sample

random sample

a sample member where each subject has a equal chance of being picked

stratifed sample

a population is divided into subgroups based on demographics then randomly selected

representative sampling

sample that accurately reflects the characteristics of a population

convienience sampling

using a sample of subjects who are readily available to participate

likert scale

a numerical scale to assess attitudes