History, Methodology, and Historiography Practice Flashcards

A comprehensive set of 50 vocabulary-style flashcards covering the definitions, figures, and methodologies of Philippine Historiography as discussed in the lecture transcript.

Kasaysayan

A narrative regarding the past that holds significance for the group or generation of people being described.

Talastasan

Derived from the root word 'tastas' (to undo or detach), it refers to the collective unraveling or sharing of knowledge or ideas.

Diskurso

A 'back and forth running' of ideas limited to the exchange of opinions and conversation that may not have a specific destination.

Dekonstruksyon

An approach aimed at reversing, breaking down, or destroying a thought or topic.

Agham Pangkalikasan

The branch of academic discipline categorized as Science (Natural Science).

Agham Panlipunan

A field of knowledge that traverses both Science and Art (Social Science).

Humanidades

A systematic investigation categorized under Art, Philosophy, and History/Historya.

Sinaunang Kasaysayan

The first stage of the history of history, involving oral traditions and epics.

Historya

The second stage of the history of history, which evolved from chronicles to positivist and interpretative frameworks.

Bagong Kasaysayan

The modern stage of history focusing on explaining one's own history in one's own language and culture, specifically through the 'pantayong pananaw'.

Guman

An epic or ancient history form associated with the earliest historical stage.

Ang Mahal na Pasion ni Jesu Christong Panginoon Natin na Tola ($1703$-$1704$)

A religious work by Gaspar Aquino de Belen representing the continuation of early history through chronicles.

Historya Famosa ni Bernardo Carpio ($1860$)

A historical narrative regarding Bernardo Carpio in the Kingdom of Spain, written in the Tagalog tradition.

Positibismo

Logical empiricism which posits that there is only one objective reality.

Leopold von Ranke ($1795$-$1886$)

Author of 'History of the Latin and Teutonic Nations' ($1824$) who stated that history seeks only to show what actually happened.

Charles Seignobos ($1854$-$1942$) and Charles-Victor Langlois ($1863$-$1929$)

Authors of 'Introduction to the Study of History' ($1897$), influencing the positivist style of history.

Interpretibismo/Konstruktibismo

A framework suggesting multiple created realities where history is an interpretation to find meaning.

Kritikal na teorya

A theory suggesting a single reality that fluctuates based on class, ethnicity, religion, gender, and age through time; known as historical realism.

Pantayong Pananaw

A perspective introduced by Salazar ($1998$) aimed at explaining history within local culture, categories, and language for the benefit of the nation.

Zeus Salazar ($1934$-Kasalukuyan)

A prominent figure in the 'Bagong Kasaysayan' movement and developer of the 'pantayong pananaw' perspective.

Metodo

A specific or particular tool or procedure used in research.

Metodolohiya

The implementation of various methods in conducting research.

Batis

Data or historical sources used as references in research.

Nakasulat na batis

Written historical sources such as documents, chronicles, diaries, calendars, maps, journals, and newspapers.

Hindi nakasulat na batis

Non-written sources including artifacts, fossils, oral literature, and audio-visual arts.

Primaryang Batis

A first-hand witness or source with a direct connection to the event, such as Jose Rizal's sketches or Gregoria de Jesus's memoirs.

Sekondaryang Batis

A source that is not a contemporary witness, such as a newspaper report based on witness accounts.

Terserang Batis

Sources that summarize and compile primary and secondary data, such as encyclopedias, dictionaries, and textbooks.

Pananaliksik sa aklatan

One of the three main approaches to gathering data, focusing on libraries or information repositories.

Pananaliksik sa larangan

An approach involving fieldwork at the actual site of the subject being studied, emphasizing 'pakikipagkapwa'.

Pananaliksik sa laboratoryo

A research approach conducted within a controlled laboratory setting.

Pagbabasang Pahapyaw

A reading skill where one consults the outline, introduction, and the beginning and end of a text.

Pagbabasang Pasawsaw

A selective reading method focusing on specific chapters relevant to the study.

Pagbabasang Pangkabuuan

The complete reading of a work after being engaged by previous partial readings.

Etika sa pananaliksik

Refers to whether the actions of a researcher are humane, rational, just, or honorable in the context of human relations.

Pabrikasyon

The unethical act of making up or inventing data in research.

Pasipikasyon

The unethical act of falsifying data or results in research.

Plagiarismo

The unethical act of using another's work without proper credit, a violation of research ethics.

Kritisismong panlabas

The process of identifying whether data is authentic, forged, or genuine (external criticism).

Kritisismong panloob

The analysis of the actual content of data to reveal its meaning within its proper context (internal criticism).

Restitutsyon

The correction and setting of the origin of data during external criticism.

Pagsasakasaysayan

The act of narrating the past in a way that has significance (saysay) for the group; it involves connection and narration.

Historiograpiya

The process of writing history, derived from the roots 'historia' and 'graphia'.

Sikolohiyang Pilipino

The native perspective and Theory of 'Kapwa' developed by Virgilio G. Enriquez ($1942$-$1991$).

Pilipinolohiya

The study of the Filipino soul and identity using a paired approach, as developed by Prospero R. Covar ($1934$-$2010$).

Diakroniko

The historical process of change analyzed across the continuity from one time period to another.

Sinkroniko

The analysis of the specific conditions and characteristics of a single time period.

Pagpapanahon

Periodization; the framework of mapping different but connected historical stages.

Bagtasang pangkasaysayan

Historical intersections where different but related factors move and act simultaneously.

Hugpungan o ikutang pangyayari

Pivotal events that bring significant change while maintaining elements of continuity between historical stages.