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Theme
An insight about human nature that is revealed through a literary work. More than simply identifying a thematic topic.
Story arc
A classic pattern used to tell a story
Exposition
Introduction to the story, includes the character’s, setting, mood, and time
Mood
The atmosphere and emotion created by the setting and tone.
Conflict
The primary problem that drives the plot of the story. The main goal for the protagonist to achieve or overcome.
Protagonist
Main character, the ‘hero; who is driven to find a resolution to the conflict, usually experience some change over the story.
Rising Action
All of the events leading up to the eventual climax, includes the caharacte’s development and events that create suspense
Climax
The most exciting part of the story, the turning point for the plot or goals of the main character
Falling action
everything that happens as a resist of the climax, the wrapping-up or plot points, questions being answered and character development.
Resolution
not always a happy ending, but it does complete the story. It can leave the reader with questions, answers, frustration, or satisfaction.
Figurative language
creates an image or picture in the mind of the reader
Simile
A comparison of two things using like or as
Metaphor
A comparison of two things without using like or as.
Hyperbole
An exaggeration
Onomatopeia
A word meant to imitate a sound
Personification
Giving a non human thing human like characteristics
Idiom
Not something meant to be taken literally
Alliteration
the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.
Consonance
Alliteration but with consanants
Assonance
Alliteration of vowels
Point of view/narration
The narrator’s position in relation to the story being told. (Pay attention to pronouns to identify POV)
1st person
Uses IS
Third person limited
Focuses on one character
3rd person omniscient
narrator knows all iner thoughts of every character
3rd objective
a journalistic approach, non biased.
Antagonist
Opponent who block the protagonist
Antihero
When the protagonist is actually a villain of the story, but we empathize with them
Foil
A character who serves as a direct contrast to another character as a device to emphasize the qualities of the main character
Symbols and symbolism
When something that has meaning itself represent something else or stands for a bigger idea.
Tone
The author’s attitude and feelings being portrayed about what is going on in the story though word choice
Mood
The atmosphere and emotions the author wants the reader to feel that contribute and build up the environment.
Archetypes
A theme, motif, symbol, or stock character that holds a familiar and fixed place in a culture’s consciousness.
Allegory
A literary work with two levels the surface and the symbolic level
Extended Metaphor
a version of metaphor that extends over the course of multiple lines, paragraphs, or stanzas of prose or poetry.
Diction
the selection of words an author uses to create a specific impact or tone in their writing
Dialect
a particular form of a language which pertains to a specific region or social group.
Dialogue
conversation between two or more people as a feature of a book, play, or movie.
puns
a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words which sound alike but have different meanings.
Paradox
Something that contradicts something else
Direct characterization
Directly telling the character’s attributes
Indirect characterization
The author revealing the character by showing throughout certain scenes in a book or movie. Not directly stated
Flat character
characters that are mostly one-dimensional and don't have a lot of backstory or depth.
Round character
lifelike or complex
Static character
one that doesn't change from the start of the story through to the end.
Dynamic character
A character that undergoes change throughout a story
Foreshadowing
When an author suggests something bad is about to happen
Flashback
A time in the story when it goes back to give a reader background informationR
rhetoric
the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.
