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Psychology definition
Study of human mind and behavior
Scientific method
Observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion
Psychology perspectives
Behavioralism, psychoanalytical
Behavioralism
depends on timing, Classical conditioning/Pavlovian
Psychoanalytical
Unconscious motives that eventually shape a personality (psychodynamic)
Micro view
Neurons that send things to each other
Macro view
A whole system of neurons functioning
Central nervous system (CNS)
Brain, spinal cord
Sympathetic nervous system
Emergency response, Fight/flight/freeze
Parasympathetic nervous system
After emergency response is over, Turns back on body maintenance functions
Structures of the brain
Brain Stem, Limbic system, Cerebral cortex
Brain stem
Innermost layer of brain, Controls dreams, life supporting functions, awakeness, complex movement, carries info
limbic system
Second, most inner layer, has hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, Regulates emotions, processes memories, makes motives
cerebral cortex
Covers limbic system, has lobes of brain, Controls spatial awareness, long-term memory, five senses, critical thoughts
lobes of brain
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
frontal lobe
Critical thinking, judgment, Influences emotion and decision
occipital lobe
Sight, constructs world, visual cortex
temporal lobe
Sounds, stores long-term memory
endocrine system
Slow communication method, (Communication through hormones in blood) Controls glands, hormones,
classical conditioning
Link of association between 2+ pieces of stimuli leading to anticipation of events
classical conditioning components
Unconditioned stimulus/response, neutral stimulus, conditioned stimulus/response
pavlov experiment
UCS-Dog food UCR-Salvation NS-Bell CS-bell sounds CR-Salvation
operant conditioning
Association between actions and consequences
reinforcement (Operant conditioning)
Positive= Adding something pleasant Negative= Removing something unpleasant
punishment (Operant conditioning)
Positive= Adding bad stimuli Negative= Removes good stimuli
consciousness
The act of being aware
consciousness functions
Direct attention, creates perception, takes in information and creates mental model
sleep cycles
90 minutes per cycle Five stages in cycles
REM sleep
Stage1-alpha waves. Stage2-sleep spindles. Stage3-transition. Stage4-deep sleep Stage5-REM
Why we dream
Process information, understand troubles/desires
Memory
System that encodes, decodes, stores, retrieves info over time
Stages of memory
Sensory-fleeting. short term-processes. central executive-from sensory to long term. long term-unlimited storage for unlimited time
Chunking
Unit of info instead of multiple things. ROYGBIV
Serial position effect
Remembering the first and last things the best
Rehearsal
Conscious repetition of information
Procedural memory
Mental directions, knowing the how to
Episodic memory
Personal experiences
Declarative
Specific memories/events/facts, knowing the what
Proactive memory
Old memories impair remembering newer memories
Retroactive memory
New memories impair memories of old things
Freud personality
Conciseness is just the beginning of human nature, sexual, angry, male superiority
Freud personality structures
ID, Ego, Super Ego, fixations from repression as kids
Freud defensive mechanisms
Repression, denial, rationalization, displacement, regression, projection, etc.
Personality disorders
Continuous deviant, dysfunctional, distressful thoughts/actions, 16 syndromes
Personality traits
Social cognitive- Big 5, trait = Specific behaviors and motives with a stable pattern
Big 5 personality traits
Openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, yes or no based on personality clusters of person
Hypothalamus
Dopamine, fight/flight
Hippocampus
Memory
Amygdala
Emotion center
ID
Wants gratification, toddler like
Ego
Rational halfway for ID and SuperEgo
SuperEgo
Morality, should nots
Note 
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