CSST Study Guide

Asbestos - Containing Material (ACM)

Any material or product containing more than 1% Asbestos.

Amended Water

water with a surfactant in it.

Air Flow Tests should be performed when?

-Before operation begins
-At least once per operating shift
-anytime there is a question regarding the integrity of the enclosure.

For Class I Jobs: Negative Pressure must be established for how long?

24 hrs a day for entire duration of project.

DOT (Department of Transportation)

49 CFR Parts 171 &172

Pink Book

Bulk Sampling

Before removing work clothing

Clean with a HEPA Vacuum

Where are respirators removed?

The Shower

Green Book

Management Plan

Formula for # of negative air machines

CFM of UNIT:

Volume of Area / 15 mins


+ Backup Machine

1. Warning labels shall be attached in buildings, where?

2. What should they say?

1.Immediately adjacent to any ACBM, Suspected ACBM or assumed ACBM in routine maintenance areas.
2. Caution: Asbestos. Hazardous. Do not disturb without proper training and equipment.

For removing asphalt and vinyl flooring which contain ACM, or are in bldg. constructed no later than 1980 and not tested... employees shall follow these work practices 9 methods.

1. No sanding flooring or its backing.
2. Use HEPA vacs, disposable dust bags & metal floor tool (no brush) to clean floors.
3. Resilient sheeting shall be removed by cutting & wet methods.
4. Scraping of adhesives shall be wet.
5. No dry sweeping.
6. No mechanical chipping without neg. pressure enclosure.
7. Remove tiles intact.
8. Wetting can be omitted if tiles are heated and removed intact.
9. Resilient flooring material & associated mastic shall be assumed to be ACM unless testing determines otherwise.

A building owner of a building constructed before 1979, who knows the building contains ACCM, shall provide all employees in that building with the following:

Any Asbestos Surveys:
- Specific ACCM locations
- General Procedures and handling restrictions
- Summary of bulk sampling results.
- Health Risks.

At a multi-employer worksite, an employer performing work requiring the establishment of a regulated area shall...?

- Inform other employers on the site of the nature of the employers work with asbestos or PACM
- Inform other employers of the existence of & requirements pertaining to regulated areas.
- Inform other employers of measures taken to ensure their employees are not exposed to asbestos.

Water Spray Process System Work Practices
(4)

1. System shall run for 10 mins before removal begins.
2. All removal shall take place within the water barrier.
3. System shall be operated by 3 persons, one of whom shall not perform removal, but maintains equipment.
4. After removal ACM/PACM shall be bagged while still inside the water barrier.

Water Spray Process System Specifications
(3)

1. Piping shall be surrounded on 3 sides by rigid framing.
2. A 360 degree water spray on a separate high pressure water line.
3. The spray shall collide to form a fine aerosol, creating a liquid barrier between ACM & workers.

AHERA initial cleaning procedures:

1. HEPA vacuum or steam clean all carpets
2. HEPA vacuum or wet-clean all other floors and all other horizontal surfaces.
3. Dispose of all debris, filters, mop-heads, and clothing in sealed, leak-tight containers.

Fiber (OSHA)

Particulate form of Asbestos, 5 micrometers or longer, with a length-to-diameter ratio of at least 3 fol.

Training required for maintenance or custodial staff who may work in a bldg. with ACBM?

2 hour awareness training, within 60 days of employment start date.

When Asbestos waste is taken to the landfill it should be...?

• In a separate area for asbestos waste.

• Completely covered within 24hrs. with a minimum of 6" of non-asbestos material.

• Covered with an additional 30" of non asbestos material for final closure.

Training requirements for maintenance or custodial staff who might disturb ACBM?

2 hour awareness
+ 14 hour additional training
(2 day)

Response Actions for significant damaged friable surfacing ACM or misc. ACM

1. Immediately isolate the functional space and restrict access, unless isolation is not necessary to protect human health and the environment.
2. Remove the material, or enclose or encapsulate if sufficient to protect human health and the environment.

Asbestos Worker Training Requirement

4-Day Training Course. Includes 14 hrs. of hands on training.

What is an Asbestos fiber according to NIOSH method 7400?

A fiber equal to or greater than 5 micrometers in length with an aspect ratio of 3:1 or greater.

When can periodic monitoring be terminated?

When employee exposures are shown by statistically reliable measures to be below the PEL & EL.

Mechanical systems in a building

• HVAC

• Plumbing

• Electrical

Functional Space

A room, a group of rooms, or homogenous area designated by a person accredited to prepare management plans, design abatement projects, or conduct response actions.

Building Inspector Training Requirements

3- Day training with 4 hrs hands on

Small Walk-in Enclosure Specs.

1. Accommodates no more than 2 person
2. Constructed of 6 mil. poly or equivalent
3. Placed under negative pressure with HEPA filtration device.
4. Smoke Test
5. Wash with amended water & HEPA vac. before re-use.

Air for supplied Air Respirators must be...?

Grade D air
-19.5%- 23.5% Oxygen
-No more than 1000 PPM
Carbon Dioxide(CO2)
- No more than 20 PPM
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
-No Odor
Blue Hose, Less than 300 ft. long

NESHAP - PACM

Regulated Asbestos Containing Material
-Friable ACM
- Cat. I or 1 ACM that he's become friable or will become friable.

Medical Exam shall include:

1. Medical & work history
2. Questionnaire
3. Chest x-ray
4.PFT
5. Any other exams requested by DR.

NESHAP Cat. I

Asbestos containing packings, gaskets, resilient floor covering, & asphalt roof products.

Class IV Asbestos Work

Maintenance & custodial activities during which employees contact but do not disturb ACM or PACM, and activities to clean up dust, waste & debris resulting from class I, II & III activities.

PACM

Presumed Asbestos Containing Material

TSI and surfacing material found in blogs. constructed no later than 1980

Removal of Roofing ACM

1. Remove intact to extent feasible
2. Use wet methods
3. Use HEPA shroud on roof cutters
4. Lower waste to ground by covered, dust tight chute, crane or hoist.
5. Lower ACM to ground by end of work shift
6. Isolate roof level HVAC air intake, shut down HVAC

Waste ready for transport should be...?

-Properly wetted.
-in leak-tight containers
-labeled containers
-no asbestos contamination on the outside of the containers.
-have a COC or manifest

Asbestos-Containing Building Material (ACBM)

-Surfacing ACM, Thermal System Insulation ACM, or misc. ACM that is found on internal structural members or other parts of a school building.

Likelihood for potential disturbance of ACM is based on what 3 factors?

- Building Occupants
-Air erosion
-Vibration

Significantly Damaged

Greater Than or Equal to: 10% evenly distributed damage or
Greater Than or Equal to: 25% localized damage.

Fiber Release Episode

Any uncontrolled or unintentional disturbance of ACBM resulting in visible emissions.

Who conducts the initial exposure assessment?

A competent person.

AHERA- Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act

40 CFR Part 763 Subpart E

Random sampling scheme for surfacing materials can be found in which book?

Pink

Which book has the EPA physical assessment guidelines?

Purple

Air Handling Units should exhaust where?

- Away from adjacent personnel

-Away from HVAC intakes

Methods Removal of flooring ACM

1. No sanding, no dry sweeping
2. HEPA vacs, disposable dust bags, metal floor tool used to clean floor.
3. Wet methods
4. Remove tile intact, unless not possible

When are regulated ares required?

Class I,II, or III asbestos work & when above PEL

Class II set up where there is no N.E.A.

Same as class I

Class III Asbestos work

Repair and maintenance operations where ACM and/or PACM is likely to be disturbed.

OSHA class II Asbestos work

Removal of ACM that are not TSI or surfacing materials

OSHA class I Asbestos Work

Removal of TSI, Surfacing ACM, or PACM

Glove Bag System Specs.

1.Glove bags made of 6 mil. poly & seamless at bottom
2. Glove bags shall be designed for specific use/not modified
3. Glove bags shall be smoke-tested
4. GB's may be used once
5. GB"s may not be used on surfaces exceeding 150 degrees F.
6. Remove air from bag using HEPA vac. before disposal
7. Two person operation

PAPR- Protection Factor

• PEL x PF (Protection Factor) = MUL (Maximum Use Level)

• Full face PAPR: 0.1 × 1000 = 100 f/cc

• Half face PAPR: 0.1 × 50 = 5 f/cc

• The Protection Factor for the Half-face PAPR is 50 and Full-face is 1000.

1/2 Negative Pressure respirator protection factor.

• 10

• MUL = 0.1×10 = 1 f/cc

• The Protection Factor (PF) is 10

Full face negative pressure respirator Protection Factor

• 50 or 50x PEL

• MUL: 0.1×50 = 5 f/cc

• The Protection Factor (PF) is 50

PCM Clearance Level

less than 0.01 fibers per cubic centimeter (f/cm^3) or (f/cc)

Procedures for clean up of a minor fiber release episode.

1. Saturate debris using wet methods
2. Clean the area
3. Place debris in sealed, leak tight, container
4. Repair damaged area

PCM

phase-contrast microscopy
NIOSH method 7400

TEM

transmission electron microscopy
NIOSH 7402

When does AHERA allow PCM air clearance?

1. The project qualifies as SSSD (Small-Scale Short-Duration) — typically involving ≤160 square feet, ≤260 linear feet, or ≤35 cubic feet of asbestos-containing materials (ACM); and

2. The work is done without a negative pressure enclosure or critical barriers (i.e., no full containment); and

3. The work is performed in schools (K–12) covered by AHERA; and

4. The activity is not classified as a major asbestos abatement project.

Response action for a major fiber release episode must be designed by who?

Accredited Person

Response Actions

Removal
Repair
Encapsulation
Enclose
O&M

Define aspect ratio

Ratio of the length of a fiber to its diameter

Define Detection Limit

The number of fibers necessary to be 95% certain that the result is greater than zero.

Class III Training

16 hour

Class IV Training

2 hour

Competent Person

A person who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.
- Has Asbestos Supervisor Training

Required Engineering Controls and work practices

1. HEPA Vacuums

2. Wet methods

3. Prompt clean-up

4. Local exhaust ventilation

5. Isolation of processes producing asbestos dust

6. Ventilation of regulated area

The sampling membrane for PCM air samples should be...?

Mixed cellulose ester filter membranes

Employee notification of monitoring results

ASAP but no later than 5 working days after receipt of results.

Advantages of PCM over other methods

1. Technique is specific for fibers

2. Inexpensive

3. Quick

4. Technique has continuity

Employees using the Water Spray Process System of ACM TSI removal must have...?

40 hr training on the use of the system, in addition to class I work training.

When is daily personal air monitoring required?

For all Class I&II operations unless:

-The employer has made a negative exposure assessment for the entire operation. OR

- When all employees are in supplied air pressure demand respirators or other positive pressure mode respirators

How long must employer keep Medical Surveillance Records?

Duration of employment + 30 yrs

How long must employer keep training records?

1 year beyond last date of employment (length of employment + 1year)

National Bureau of Standards (NBS)

Asbestos Lab Accreditation Agency

Regulated area Warning
Sign Language

Danger. Asbestos. Cancer and Lung Disease Hazard. Authorized Personnel Only.

Respirators and Protective Clothing Are Required in this area.

Asbestos types:

Chrysolite (white) - curly fibre, easily spun, 95 % of asbestos used
Amosite (brown asbestos) - good tensile strength, resistant to heat and electricity, fire protection
Crocidite (blue asbestos) - used in spray insulation and preformed thermal insulation
- Anthophyllite
-Actinolite
- Tremolite

Project Designer Training

3 Day Training Course

Management Planner Training

3 day inspector course + 2 day management planner course

Contractor/ Supervisor training requirements

5 day training course with 14hrs hands on training

PCM Air Sampling

- 25 mm cassette with mixed cellulose ester filter
-Electrically conductive 50mm extension chord
- Sample rate of 0.5 to 5.0 L/min.
- Between 25L to 2,400L

Class I work must conform to the following provisions...(9)

-Oversight by a competent person
-Critical barriers
-Isolate HVAC
-Impermeable drop clothes on objects in regulated areas
- -0.02 inches water column within enclosure
- Manometric measurements
- Air movement away from workers
-Smoke testing
- Shut down electric circuits or us GFCI's

AHERA Categories for material conditions

1. Damaged or sig. damaged TSI ACM
2. Damaged friable surfacing ACM
3. Sig. Damaged friable surfacing ACM
4. Damaged or sig. damaged friable misc. ACM
5. ACBM with potential for damage
6. ACBM with potential for sig. damage
7. Any remaining friable ACBM or friable suspect ACBM

Regulated Area

- Area where class I,II and III asbestos work is conducted
-Area where debris& waste from asb. work accumulate
-Area where there is a reasonable possibility the PEL may be exceeded

AHERA Building Inspection Components (6)

1. Visual Inspection

2. Touch all suspect ACBM to determine friability

3. Identify homogeneous areas

4. Assume materials or collect bulk samples

5. Assess condition of materials

6. Record and submit report within 30 days of inspection

All class II work shall be performed using...

1. Engineering controls
2. Local exhaust ventilation with HEPA
3. Isolation of processes producing asbestos dust
4. Ventilation of regulated area away from breathing zone
5. Critical barriers over all openings to regulated area
6. Impermeable drop cloths on surfaces beneath all removal activities.

Response action for Damaged or Sig. Damaged
TSI

1. At least repair damaged area
2. Remove damaged material if it is not feasible, due to technological factors, to repair the damage.
3. Maintain all TSI ACM and its covering in an intact state and undamaged condition.

Work practices for class III asbestos work...
(5)

1. Wet methods
2. Local exhaust ventilation
3. If work involves TSI or surfacing material, use drop cloths& min: enclosure or glove bag
4. Containment if no neg. exposure assessment
5. Respirators in no neg. exp. ass.

Symptoms of Asbestosis

-Shortness of breath

-Coughing

-Fatigue

-Vague feelings of sickness

Work practices for unspecified class II asbestos removal...
(4)

1. Material should thoroughly wetted with amended water.
2. Material should be removed intact
3. Cutting, abrading, or breaking material shall be prohibited.
4. Removed ACM shall be immediately bagged or wrapped, or kept wet until placed in closed receptacle.

Work procedures for removing asbestos containing gaskets...
(3)

1. If gasket is deteriorated and unable to be removed intact, use glove bag.
2. Gasket shall be immediately placed in a disposal container.
3. Any scraping to remove residue must be done wet.

Symptoms of Mesothelioma

- Shortness of breath

-Pain in walls of chest

-Abdominal pain

Respirators must be worn during...?

1. Class I work
2. Class II work where ACM is not intact
3. Class II or III work without wet methods
4. Class II or III work without NEA
5. Class III work near TSI, Surfacing ACM, or PACM is disturbed.
6. Class IV work inside a regulated area.
7. Anytime above PEL
8. Emergencies

Set up for all Class I jobs

1. Isolate HVAC system by scaling w/2 layer of 6mil. poly.
2. Impermeable drop cloths on surfaces beneath all removal activity.
3. Cover objects w/ impermeable drop cloth or plastic, secured with duct tape.
4. If working above PEL, Ventilation is required.
5. Control method: NPE, Glove bag, Glove box, etc.

What class of minerals is asbestos a form of?

Magnesium- Silicate

Title 8, 1529

Cal/Osha- Dusts, Mists, Fumes

Asbestiform

A specific type of mineral fibrosity in which the fibers & fibrils possess high tensile strength and flexibility.

TEM Analytical Sensitivity

No greater than 0.005 structures/mm square