SPANISH BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

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71 Terms

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FRENCH BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

Associated with the word ELEGANT

Focus on classical elements that is elevated more with materials, such as gold.

Its is the msot symmetrical and balance architectural style

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FRENCH BAROQUE

Characterized by grandeur, symmetry and restrained elegance compared to the more flamboyant Italian Baroque style

Key features: Symmetry and Blance – buildings are typically symmetrical with careful arranged facades and floor plans that convey a sense of order and control.

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SAINT-GERVAIS-SAINT-PROTAIS OR 4TH ARRONDISSEMENT

By SALOMO DE BROSSE in Paris France

Earliest known French Baroque Façade.

Famous for being the workplace of the Couperin family- a reowned dynasty of French organists and composers with FRANCOIS COUPERIN

<p>By <strong><em>SALOMO DE BROSSE </em></strong>in <strong>Paris France</strong></p><p>Earliest known French Baroque Façade.</p><p>Famous for being the workplace of the <strong>Couperin family- </strong>a reowned dynasty of French organists and composers with <strong><em>FRANCOIS COUPERIN</em></strong></p>
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LUXEMBOURG PALACE

By SALOMO DE BROSSE in Paris France

Commisioned by MARIE DE’ MEDICI – widow of King Henry IV, as her personal residence

Modeled after the Palazzo Pitti in Florence, Italy, reflecting Marie de’ Medici’s Italian heritage.

Currently, it houses the French Senate.

<p>By <strong><em>SALOMO DE BROSSE </em></strong>in <strong>Paris France</strong></p><p>Commisioned by <strong><em>MARIE DE’ MEDICI – </em></strong>widow of <em>King Henry IV</em>, as her personal residence</p><p>Modeled after the Palazzo Pitti in Florence, Italy, reflecting Marie de’ Medici’s Italian heritage.</p><p>Currently, it houses the French Senate.</p>
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DOME DES INVALIDES

By JULES HARDOUIN-MANSART in Paris France

A sturning barogue structure designed by architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart.

Features a striking golden dome that rises to 107 meters, making it a prominent landmark in the city.

Originally built as part of the Hotel des Invalides to house war veterans

The dome now shelters the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte, adorned with intricate frescoes and clasical ornamentation that reflect France’s military glory and architectural grandeur.

Pinnacle of French Baroque

<p>By <strong><em>JULES HARDOUIN-MANSART </em></strong>in <strong>Paris France</strong></p><p>A sturning barogue structure designed by architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart.</p><p>Features a striking golden dome that rises to <strong><em>107 meters</em></strong>, making it a prominent landmark in the city.</p><p>Originally built as part of the <strong><em>Hotel des Invalides</em></strong><em> </em>to house <em>war veterans</em></p><p>The dome now shelters the <strong><em>tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte,</em></strong> adorned with intricate frescoes and clasical ornamentation that reflect France’s <em><u>military glory and architectural grandeur.</u></em></p><p><strong>Pinnacle of French Baroque</strong></p>
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ENGLISH BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

Associated with the word RESTRAINED

Believe to be the most powerful nation; inspired by Palladian Architecture (very demure)

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ENGLISH BAROQUE

While showcasing the dramatic features of the Baroque style, it paved the way for a shift towards the more restrained and academically correct fomrs of Palladianism.

This transition emphasized harmony and symmetry, blending grandiosity with the purity of classical design, as seen in the works of of architects such as SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN & INIGO JONES.

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The 3 key figures in English Baroque

1.      Andrea Palladio

2.      Sir Christopher Wren

3.      Sir John Van Brugh

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GREAT FIRE OF LONDON

Sunday, September 02 to Thursday, September -6, 1666 (5 days)

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<p>SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN (1632 - 1723)</p>

SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN (1632 - 1723)

Was a prominent English archtiect known for designing St. Paul’s Cathedral – a masterpiece of english baroque architecture


He significantly influende London’s arhcitectural landscape by rebuilding pver 50 churches after the Great Fire of 1666, estbalishing hemself as the key figure in English architecture

<p>Was a prominent English archtiect known for designing St. Paul’s Cathedral – a masterpiece of english baroque architecture</p><p><br>He significantly influende London’s arhcitectural landscape by rebuilding pver <strong><em>50 churches </em></strong>after the Great Fire of 1666, estbalishing hemself as the key figure in English architecture</p>
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ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL

By  SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN in the City of London, United Kingdom

Features a magnificent dome that rises 111 meters (365 feet) dominates the London skyline.

The interiors is adorned with beautiful mosaics, paintingns and sculptures, and the cathedral serves as a symbol of resilience and national pride, hosting significant events such as state funeral and royal ceremonies.

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ROYAL HOSPITAL CHELSEA

By SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN in London, United Kingdom

Impressive complex was established as a retirement home for British Soldiers and features a grand façade, classical detailing and beautifully landscaped gardens, exemplifying Wren’s architectural style andh is contributions to British Baroque architecture.

 

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SIR JOHN VAN BRUGH (1664 - 1726)

Was a key figure in English Baroque architecture

Reowned for his bold designs, chracterized by eleaborate ornamentation, grand scale and expressive classical elements.

His notable works are Blenheim Palace and Castle Howard exemplify his unique style, emphasizing geometric forms and theatrical entrances that significantly influenced early 18th century architecture.

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CASTLE HOWARD

By SIR JOHN VAN BRUGH in North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom

A stunning exmaple of Englsih Baroque architecture, featuring faade with a prominent dome and lavishly decorated interiors.

Set within 1000 acres of beautifully landscaped gradens, it remains a family-owned estates, currently home to the Earl of Carlisle and his family.

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BLENHEIM PALACE

By SIR JOHN VAN BRUGH in Oxforshire, England, United Kingdom

The principal residence of the Dukes of Marlbrough

Considred as the most monumental mansion in england.

It is the only non-royal residence in Englands to the title of palace, granted by Queen Anne in 1704.

it is the birthplace of British Prime Minister  WINSTON CHURCHILL

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SPANISH BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

Associated with the word DRAMATIC

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CHURRIGUERESQUE

Highly ornate: spanish baroque style known for its intricate, decorative details in facades and altarpieces.

Excessive Ornamentaton: emphasizes extravagant designs with twisted columns and dramatic sculptural elements.

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  SPAIN AND ITS COLONIES

The style was most prominent in the late 17th and 18th centuries and is widely seen in Spanish churches, palaces and colonial buildings in Latin America, blending European Baroque with local traditions.

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Mexico, California & Filipinas

What are the 3 countries colonized by Spain?

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JOSE BENITO DE CHURRIGUERA

Architectural Innovation: He pioneered the highly ornamental and dramatic Churrigueresque style, blending Baroque elements with intricate detailing and bold eleaborate designs.

Legacy and Influence: By popularizing this ornate style, his influence spread beyong Spaint to Latin America, shaping the look of colonial architecture for generation.

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SAN CASTEBAN ALTAR

he intensified the decorative elements of Baroque architecture, blending classical forms with highly intricate and exaggerated ornamentation.

He drew inspiration from renaissance and baroque motifs but pushed boundaries bold, lavish details particularly in altarpieces, wherehe experimented with twisted columns, sculptural flourishes and sense of vertical movement.

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<p>SAN CASTEBAN ALTAR</p>

SAN CASTEBAN ALTAR

knowt flashcard image
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CONJUNTO PALACIO IGLESIA DE SAN FRANCISCO JABIER Y LAS DOS PLAZAS IMMEDIATAS

Designed by JOSE BENITO DE CHURRIGUERA in 1709

Part of an industrial and residential complex for Juan de Goyeneche – a prominent Spanish entrepreneur.

The palace showcases a sober rectangular façade with balustrades and rusticated stonework, contrasting with the more elaborate Churrigueresque façade of the church, featuring twisted columns and intricate sculptural details around the entrance.

<p>Designed by <strong><em>JOSE BENITO DE CHURRIGUERA </em></strong><em>in 1709</em></p><p><em>Part of an industrial and residential complex for </em><strong>Juan de Goyeneche</strong> – a prominent Spanish entrepreneur.</p><p>The palace showcases a sober rectangular façade with balustrades and rusticated stonework, contrasting with the more elaborate Churrigueresque façade of the church, featuring twisted columns and intricate sculptural details around the entrance.</p>
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PLAZA DE FIESTAS

  Was created in the early 18th century as part of Juan de Goyeneche’s ambitius industrial and urban project, designed by Jose Benito de Churriguera.

It served as a central space for public evenets and festivals, reflecting the Baroque traditions of incorporating grand palzas into urban designs to promote social interaction and community life.

Back plaza

<p><span>&nbsp; </span>Was created in the early 18<sup>th </sup>century as part of Juan de Goyeneche’s ambitius industrial and urban project, designed by Jose Benito de Churriguera.</p><p>It served as a central space for public evenets and festivals, reflecting the Baroque traditions of incorporating grand palzas into urban designs to promote social interaction and community life.</p><p>Back plaza</p>
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PLAZA DE LA IGLESIA

Intended as a religious and communal gathering space, highlighting the Baroque tradition of integrating churches with public squares to emphasizes the centrality of faith in daily life.

<p>Intended as a religious and communal gathering space, highlighting the Baroque tradition of integrating churches with public squares to emphasizes the centrality of faith in daily life.</p>
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SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA CATHEDRAL

In Galicia, Spain

Primarily designed by BERNARDO DE LA TORRE & FERNANDO DE CASA Y NOVOA during its contruction in the 18th century.

Although its orgin date back to the 11th century with earlier architects such as CALIXTUS II and GERMAN DE MOISSAC contributing to its development.

<p>In Galicia, Spain</p><p>Primarily designed by<strong> <em>BERNARDO DE LA TORRE &amp; FERNANDO DE CASA Y NOVOA </em></strong>during its contruction in the 18<sup>th</sup> century.</p><p>Although its orgin date back to the 11<sup>th</sup> century with earlier architects such as <strong><em>CALIXTUS II </em></strong>and<strong><em> GERMAN DE MOISSAC </em></strong>contributing to its development.</p>
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BOTAFUMEIRO

One of largest Thuribles (incense burners) in the world

  Used during special religious ceremonies

Weighing about 80kgs (176lbs)

It can swing from the cathedrals ceiling to create a stunning visual and aromatic experience, filling the church with fragrant incense as it is propelled acress the transept by a team of 6 men.

<p>One of <strong><em>largest Thuribles (incense burners)</em></strong> in the world</p><p><span>&nbsp; </span>Used during special religious ceremonies</p><p>Weighing about <strong><em>80kgs (176lbs)</em></strong></p><p>It can swing from the cathedrals ceiling to create a stunning visual and aromatic experience, filling the church with fragrant incense as it is propelled acress the transept by a <strong><em>team of 6 men</em></strong>.</p>
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DARAGA CHURCH OR NUESTRA SENORA DELA PORTERIA

Officially known as the Our Lady of the Gate Parish Church- a historic church located in Daraga Albay, Philippines

Built by FRANCISCAN ordered in 1773.

A beautiful baroque church is reowned for its stunning façade made of volcanic stone, which offers a unique tecture and appearance that complements the backdrop of Mayon Volcano.

The church features intircate detailing and bell tower, making it a significant cultural and architectural landmark in the region, as wel as a popular destination for pilgrims and tourist.

<p>Officially known as the <strong><em>Our Lady of the Gate Parish Church</em></strong>- a historic church located in Daraga Albay, Philippines</p><p>Built by <strong><em>FRANCISCAN</em></strong> ordered in 1773.</p><p>A beautiful baroque church is reowned for its stunning façade made of volcanic stone, which offers a unique tecture and appearance that complements the backdrop of <em>Mayon Volcano.</em></p><p>The church features intircate detailing and <strong><em>bell tower, </em></strong>making it a significant cultural and architectural landmark in the region, as wel as a popular destination for <strong><u>pilgrims and tourist.</u></strong></p>
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SOLOMONIC COLUMNS

helicon column, characterized by a spiraling twisting shaft like a corkscrew.

<p>helicon column, characterized by a spiraling twisting shaft like a corkscrew.</p>
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SAN JUAN DE DIOS-HOSPITAL

Oldest hospital in the Philippines

<p>Oldest hospital in the Philippines</p>
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ROCOCO ARCHITECTURE

Evolved from Baroque: Rococo architectural style if decorative art that evolved from the Baroque originating in france in the early 18th century, characterized by its lightness and elegance compared to the grandeur of Baroque

Fanciful Curved Forms: it is distinguished by fanciful curved spatial forms, which creates a sense of fluidity and movement in design, often incorporating asymmetrical elements that add to its dynamic appearance.

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ROCOCO ARCHITECTURE

Lightness, Swirling forms, Flowing lines, Ornate Stucco Work & Arabesque Ornaments

It is characterized by its lightness and elegance, featuring swirling forms and flowing lines that create a sens of movement and fluididty in the design.

The ornatestucco work and intricate arabesque onrmaments enhance its delicacy, resulting in spaces that evoke a whimsical and enchanting atmosphere.

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ROCAILLE

-         French word for French rococo

-         a decorative style from the 18th century associated with the Rococo movement, featuring intricate and asymmetrical designs inspired by natural forms like shells and plants.

-         It is commonly used in interior design and decorative arts, creating a whimsical aesthetic that emphasizes lightness and fluidity.

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CHINOSSERIE

-         Decorative style that emerged in Europe during the 17th & 18th centuries

-         Characterized by its imitation of Chinese artistic inlfuences andm otifs

-         Incorporates elements such as elaborate landscapes, pagodas and floral patterns often combined with Western artistic techniques, to create an exotic and fanciful representation of Chinese culture, reflecting the fascination with the east during that period.

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CHINESE HOUSE

A tea house, with sculptures including Confucious

<p>A tea house, with sculptures including Confucious</p>
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WIESKIRCHE

The Pilgrimage Church of Wies in Bavaria Germany

By Dominikus Zimmerman

A remarkable example of rococo architecture, characterized by its harmonious proportions, elegant curves and richly adorned interior featuring intricate stucco work and frescoes by Franz Xaver Simm.

Completed in 1748, the church showcases a dramatic vaulted ceiling, ornate altars and striking façade with a central dome all designed to create a sense of lightness and divine beauty, contributing to its designation as UNESCO World Heritage Site.

<p><strong>The Pilgrimage Church of Wies </strong>in Bavaria Germany</p><p>By <strong><em>Dominikus Zimmerman</em></strong></p><p>A remarkable example of rococo architecture, characterized by its harmonious proportions, elegant curves and richly adorned interior featuring intricate stucco work and frescoes by <strong><em>Franz Xaver Simm.</em></strong></p><p>Completed in <strong>1748, </strong>the church showcases a dramatic vaulted ceiling, ornate altars and striking façade with a central dome all designed to create a sense of lightness and divine beauty, contributing to its designation as <strong><em>UNESCO World Heritage Site.</em></strong></p>
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AMALIENBURG

By FRANCOIS DE CUVILLIES

Built as a hunting lodge for ELECTOR MAX EMANUEL OF BAVARIA, serving as a retreat for hunting and leisure activities in the expansive ground of the Nymphenburg Palce Park.

Constructed between 1734 and 1739

Designed to provide an elegant space for entertaining guests and hosting royal hunts, refelcting the opulence and lifestyle of the Bavarian court during the Rococo period.

<p>By <strong><em>FRANCOIS DE CUVILLIES</em></strong></p><p>Built as a <strong><em>hunting lodge</em></strong> for <strong>ELECTOR MAX EMANUEL OF BAVARIA, </strong>serving as a retreat for hunting and leisure activities in the expansive ground of the Nymphenburg Palce Park.</p><p>Constructed between 1734 and 1739</p><p>Designed to provide an elegant space for entertaining guests and hosting royal hunts, refelcting the opulence and lifestyle of the Bavarian court during the Rococo period.</p>
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SMOLNY CONVENT

Designed by BARTOLOMEO RASTRELLI in the mid-18th century

A stunning example of Russian Baroque architecture located in St. Petersburg, Russia

Originally intended as convenet for noblewomen

It plays a significant role in the life of Catherine the Great, who established it to educate young girls symbolizing her efforts to promote women’s education and empowerment in Russia.

<p>Designed by <strong><em>BARTOLOMEO RASTRELLI </em></strong>in the mid-18<sup>th</sup> century</p><p>A stunning example of Russian Baroque architecture located in St. Petersburg, Russia</p><p>Originally intended as <strong><em>convenet for noblewomen</em></strong></p><p>It plays a significant role in the life of <strong><em>Catherine the Great, </em></strong>who established it to educate young girls symbolizing her efforts to promote women’s education and empowerment in Russia.</p>
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BORROMINI

created a structure of St. Agnese where she is not lookingat the fountain.

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FONTANA DEI QUATTRO FIUMI OR FOUNTAIN OF THE FOUR RIVERS

Located in Piazza Navona, Rome, Italy

By GIAN LORENZO BERNINI

Features four monumental figures representing the major rivers of the known continents at the time – Nile, Ganges, Danuber & Rio de la Plata – surrounding an Egyptian Obelisk symbolizing the global reach of the Catholic church.

<p>Located in Piazza Navona, Rome, Italy</p><p>By <strong><em>GIAN LORENZO BERNINI</em></strong></p><p>Features four monumental figures representing the major rivers of the known continents at the time – <strong><em>Nile, Ganges, Danuber &amp; Rio de la Plata – </em></strong>surrounding an Egyptian Obelisk symbolizing the global reach of the Catholic church.</p>
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SANT’AGNESE

By GIROLAMO RAINALDI reworked by FRANCESCO BORROMINI

Located in Agone Piazza Navona, Rome, Italy.

Sits on the site of the ancient stadium of Domitian, believed to the the place where St. Agnese was martyred.

Boromini had a feud with Bernini, and boromini was commisioned to build the Sant’Agnese. However, Bernini commisioned the fountain in front of the church.

<p>By <strong><em>GIROLAMO RAINALDI </em></strong>reworked by <strong><em>FRANCESCO BORROMINI</em></strong></p><p>Located in Agone Piazza Navona, Rome, Italy.</p><p>Sits on the site of the ancient stadium of Domitian, believed to the the place where St. Agnese was martyred.</p><p>Boromini had a feud with Bernini, and boromini was commisioned to build the Sant’Agnese. However, Bernini commisioned the fountain in front of the church.</p>
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SCALINATA DI TIRNITA DEI MONTI OR SPANISH STEPS

By FRANCESCO DE SANCTIS in Rome, Italy

The steps are “Spanish” because of the Buorbon Spanish Embassy located nearby, despite being designed by an Italian Architect.

It appeared in several films, including Roman Holiday starring Audrey Hepburn and Gregory Peck, making them a famous tourist spot.

Have 135 steps

<p>By <strong><em>FRANCESCO DE SANCTIS </em></strong>in <strong><em>Rome, Italy</em></strong></p><p>The steps are “<strong><em>Spanish” </em></strong>because of the Buorbon Spanish Embassy located nearby, despite being designed by an Italian Architect.</p><p>It appeared in several films, including <em>Roman Holiday </em>starring <strong><em>Audrey Hepburn and Gregory Peck</em></strong>, making them a famous tourist spot.</p><p>Have <strong>135 steps</strong></p>
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DOME

oval-shaped dome with intricate coffered patterns, emphasizing verticality and light.

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 SAN CARLO ALLE QUTRO FONTANNE OR SAINT CHARLES AT THE FOUR FOUNTAINS

In Rome, Italy

By FRANCESCO BORROMINI

One of the only churches with an oval dome

Only baroque dome that is oval in shape- provides more emotionality

Sad ending: after he created this he stabs himself and wrote his final memoir

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 CHURCH OF THE GESU OR IL GESU

By GIACOMO DELLA PORTA and GIACOMO BAROZZI DA VIGNOLA

The first true baroque façade

Have Niches & Pilasters – fake columns protruding on the wall

Established by St. Ignatius de Loyola, the mother church of jesuits

most important church in the Jesuit community (Ateneo)

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 CHURCH OF THE GESU

Opulent and dynamic churches with irregular shapes and extravagant ornamentation

Uneducated; creates an emotional attachment to make the church powerful; emotions is directly related to the church.

Heavily intertwined with churches, and catherdrals.

<p>Opulent and dynamic churches with irregular shapes and extravagant ornamentation</p><p>Uneducated; creates an emotional attachment to make the church powerful; emotions is directly related to the church.</p><p>Heavily intertwined with churches, and catherdrals.</p>
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BAROQUE ITALIAN

Opulent and dynamic churches with irregular shapes and extravagant ornamentation

Uneducated; creates an emotional attachment to make the church powerful; emotions is directly related to the church.

Heavily intertwined with churches, and catherdrals.

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Contrast of light and shadow or Chiaruscurro

A technique used by CARAVAGGIO

The famous painting of Caravaggio is known as Beheading of Goliath by David – example of chiaroscuro.

This technique produces or create a curvilinear movement

One example is Saint Francis of Assisi in Ecstasy (EMOTIONALITY) by CARAVAGGIO

Related to Chiaroscuro, have a black backdrop with heavily or harsh lighted subject.

Caravaggio’s painting is always a person caught in a movement; paintings creates engagement on the viewers.

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BERNINI, CARAVAGGIO & BOROMINI

Øemphasize dramatic composition and often provided contrasting elements- mostly shown in Caravaggio’s art.

Baroque Diagonalismvery dynamic, showcases the diagonalism and dynamism Italian baroque through ornamentation such as murals and paints woth contrast of light and shadow.

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ITALIAN BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

Associated to the word DYNAMIC as structures provide a sense of movement.

Associated with curvilinear lines and elements, and produces emotional intensity.

<p>Associated to the word <strong><em>DYNAMIC</em></strong> as structures provide a sense of movement.</p><p>Associated with curvilinear lines and elements, and produces emotional intensity.</p>
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GERMAN BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

ZWINGER PALACE

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SPANISH BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

CHURRIGUERESQUE ARCHITECTURE –very dramatic

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ENGLISH BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

ST. PAUL CATHEDRAL

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FRENCH – BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

SAINT – GERVAIS SAINT - PROTAIS

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ITALIAN BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE – IL GESU

mother church of the Jesuit denomination Church of All Churches in Jesuit education and religion.

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PILASTER

flattened rectangular column that projects slightly from a wall serving both structural and decorative purposes. It often features elaborate detailing such as ornate capitals and bases and is used to create a sense of depth, grandeur in façade and interiors.

False column protruding on the exterior

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NICHES

decorative recesses that houses sculptures or statues enhancing the visual drama and richness of the façade. While creating focal points to draw the eye and convey religious or historical significance.

Often contribute to the overall sense of movement and depth in design reinforcing the emotional impact of architecture.

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BAROQUE ARCHITECTURAL EXTERIORS

NICHES and PILASTER

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ARCHITECTURE OF THE CURVED LINES

Baroque architecture was called the architecture of curved lines; deliberately impress the general public

Most lavish of all styles

Deliberate intent to impress

Attempt to make art more life-like and more sensual

Robust proportions, rich colors

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BAROQUE PAPACY

was a movement within the catholic church during the 17th and 18th century aimed at reaffirming papal authority. Addressing corruption and revitalizing the catholic church and doctrine and its practices in response to its protestant reformation.

Its primary goal is to glorify the catholic church.

The counter-reformation influence baroque architecture by encouraging grand theatrical design that inspired awe and reinforced the power and glory of the catholic church.

Primary goal is to create structures with dramatic façade, opulent interiors and intricate ornamentation intended to captivate and emotionally engage worshipers.

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PROTESTANT REFORMATION

BAROQUE REFORMATION

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CATHOLIC CHURCH

believed that the earth is the middle of the solar system

Galileo Galilei was arrested for his discoveries and spreading that the sun is definitely the center of the solar system. As a result they created Protestantism to vie away the practices and belief of the catholic church.

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HELIOCENTRISM

states that the sun is the middle of the solar system

Galileo Galilei through the invention of the telescope, discovered that the earth is not definitely not in the middle of the solar system, whereas the sun is in the middle of the solar system.

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Enlightenment of Men or Scientific Revolution

introduced a wave of scientific discoveries including the printing press, microscope, telescope and most controversial is Heliocentrism.

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PROTESTANTISM

a religion that does not believe that you can buy your way to heaven.

Went hand-in-hand with the enlightenment as both movement championed individuality, critical thinking and inquiry.

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PROTESTANT REFORMATION

goes hand-in-hand with renaissance period

saw the rise of the religious movement in the 16th century, led by the figures such as Martin Luther, Copernicus and Galileo Galilei which broke away from the catholic church and figth away with their beliefs and practices.

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KING CHARLES THE II OF SPAIN

The pinnacle of negative legacy, suffered from physical and mental disabilities because of in-breeding.

Embody the disastrous consequences of royal lineages that had forsaken the natural order in desperate bid to cling into the divine power.

HABSBURG JAW

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Catholic church

Wielded immense power over much of Europe influencing education, politics and overall social life of the European. Its authority was so apparent prior to renaissance era, that monarchs even ask the blessing of the pope or catholic church in order for the people to realize that they the divine intervention to rule over mankind.          

They proclaimed that European monarch were handpicked by God himself, elevating them above all earthly authority and making the rain untouchable by mere mortals.

Monarchy is associated with religion.

Had control over Europe for much of European history up until renaissance period.

One of the most corrupt institutions in the world.

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BAROCO

irregularly shaped pearl

grandeur or elaborate

comes from the Latin word VERRICA WART – it is believed to be ugly.

In Latin word literally means WART

Started off as a negative connotation

It also means Bizzare – focus on bizzare architectural styles, basically fantastic and irregular shape.

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BAROQUE

It is about grandeur; makes people emotional

Music, painting, sculpture and architecture

Ornamentation and contrast

Make people be amused or at awe

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