Renaissance Overview

These flashcards cover the key concepts and facts related to the Renaissance, including its definition, significant figures, major changes in art and science, and the impact on literature and religion.

What does the term 'Renaissance' literally mean?

It means 'rebirth'.

What happened to people's confidence in the church during the Renaissance?

Confidence in the church was shattered.

What was a central focus of the Renaissance compared to the Middle Ages?

An emphasis on individuals rather than religion.

What is humanism?

A thought system that places prime importance on the individual and stresses the goodness of human beings.

Who is known as the 'Father of Humanism'?

Petrarch.

Where did the Renaissance begin?

The Italian peninsula.

What city controlled trade through the Alps?

Milan.

Which family in Florence became great patrons of the arts during the Renaissance?

The De Medici family.

What characterized art during the Renaissance compared to Medieval Art?

Renaissance Art focused on individuals and worldly matters, being more realistic and emotional.

What is Linear Perspective?

A technique that adds depth to an image.

What famous work did Michelangelo create in 1504?

The statue of David.

Which chapel’s ceiling did Michelangelo paint?

The Sistine Chapel.

Who painted the Mona Lisa?

Leonardo Da Vinci.

What invention did Johannes Gutenberg create in 1455?

Movable-type printing.

What was the first major book printed using movable type?

The Gutenberg Bible.

What was Martin Luther's document that critiqued the Church called?

The 95 Theses.

What major religious movement did Luther's actions initiate?

The Protestant Reformation.

What is the heliocentric theory?

The belief that the sun is the center of the universe.

Who invented the modern telescope and supported astronomical theories?

Galileo Galilei.

What concept describes the idea that people should have basic rights governed by the government?

Natural rights.

What is a social contract?

An agreement where citizens allow rulers to govern in exchange for the protection of their rights.