Brain and Behavior 6 & 10

Pitch

Aspect of auditory perception related to the frequency of a sound

Timbre

Tone quality/complexity, dependent on the harmonics of the tone

Pinna

Structure of flesh and cartilage attached to each side of the head, outer ear

Tympanic Membrane (ear drum)

Middle ear, vibrates at the same rate when struck by sound waves

Oval Window

membrane, inner ear. Transmits waves through the viscous fluid of the inner ear

Cochlea

Inner ear, snail shaped structure,

(A1) Auditory Cortex

Destination for most information from the auditory system. Located in the superior temporal cortex

Amplitude

Intensity of a sound wave

Frequency

Number of cycles per second, measured in Hz

Place Theory

Concept that pitch perception depends on which inner ear cells have the greatest activity level

Frequency Theory

Concept that the basilar membrane vibrates in synchrony with a sound

Papillae

Structures on the surface of the tongue that contain tastebuds

James-Lange Theory of Emotion

Autonomic arousal and skeletal action occurs first in an emotion

(BAS) Behavioral Activation System

Characterized by activation of the left hemisphere, especially frontal and temporal lobes

(BIS) Behavioral Inhibition System

Associated with activity of the frontal and temporal lobe of the right hemisphere

HPA Axis

Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal cortex

Cytokine

Small protein that combats infections and communicates with the brain to elicit appropriate behaviors

Antibody

Y shaped protein that attaches to particular kinds of contingency

Prostagladin

Hormone composed of long chains of amino acids

Antigen

Surface protein on a cell that identifies the cell as your own