Ultimate PPL Ground - IAUPR

How long does a Medical Certificate Last under the age of 40?

60 CM

What is a VFR Corridor?

Section of an airspace that is cutout to let VFR traffic through. Not depicted though it is shown by looking at the tops and bottoms of the airspace to see which altitudes are free to pass through.

What's a Special Issuance Certificate?

A medical certificate for a condition that could worse over time, issued by a Federal Air Surgeon.

What's a Type Certificate Data Sheet?

General information that allows for the safe operation of a specific aircraft model, including its design, performance, and limitations.

What does an UUA PIREP include?

1. Tornadoes

2. Severe/Extreme Turbulence

3. Hail

4. LLWS within 2,000’

What is a Sierra AIRMET?

Think of “Sierra can’t See”

1. IFR Conditions over 50% of an area.=
2. Mountain Obscurations

What is a Zulu AIRMET?

1. Moderate Icing
2. FZ Levels

What's Fuel Vapor Icing?

When the Fuel/Air Mixture in the carburetor freezes due to the Venturi’s effect.

Class E ranges from what altitudes?

Depicted Class E: SFC, 700' AGL, 1,200’ AGL, 14,500' MSL
Not Depicted: 1,200’ AGL, and above Class A at FL600

What are the Class E entry requirements?

None, unless above 10,000' which requires a transponder and altitude reporting equipment

What are the pros/cons of a forward CG?

Pros:
- Better stall recovery
- Longitiudinal Stability
Cons:
- Lower cruise speed

- Decreased Fuel Efficiency
- Higher stall speed

- Higher Takeoff Roll

What is Vs1?

Stall speed in clean configuration - 50 kts

Draw the Fuel system

(Systems PPT)

What is the normal operating pressure for the Archers vacuum system?

4.8-5.2 psi

What could indicate a vacuum system failure?

Lower/higher than normal pressure

Per 61.19, when does a Student/Private Pilot certificate expire?

Never

Whats the Archer III's load limit in the normal/utility category?

3.8/4.4 G's

In the VFR Sectional, what does it mean if the VOR frequency is underlined?

There is no voice on the frequency/FSS can't communicate through VOR frequency

When does a pilot need a type rating to fly an aircraft?

When it weighs over 12,500(MTOW), and/or has a jet/turbojet, and if it’s required for the specific aircraft by the FAA.

What is the difference between AO1 and AO2 in a METAR?

AO1: No precipitation discriminator
AO2: Has Precipitation discriminator

*AO1 can’t tell the difference between rain or snow but AO2 can.

Whats the difference between a Pilots Information Manual(PIM), Pilots Operation Handbook(POH), and Aircraft Flight Manual(AFM)?

PIM: Aircraft Specific, includes tail number and W&B
POH: General non-specific info about the aircraft
AFM: The most specific of the three for the aircraft, is made for a specific aircraft.

How long does a Medical Certificate Last over the age of 40?

24 CM

If you're flying at night do you only need the equipment on the VFR Night list?

No you need both VFR Day and Night equipment.

What are the different types of Wx Briefings?

1. Standard
2. Outlook
3. Abbreviated
4. In-Flight

What is a Wind and Temperature Aloft Chart, what does it depict?

A chart that depicts Wind and temperature direction.

Why are winds and temperature not reported in some stations on the Winds Aloft Chart?

If the altitude is within:

1. 1500’ of FE Wind is omitted

2. 2500’ of FE Temperature is omitted

What weather is present before a cold front passes?

Clouds: Cumulonimbus/Towering Cumulus

Precipitation: Showers

Visibility: Fair

Temp: Warm

Pressure: Falling

What weather is present while a cold front passes?

Clouds: Cumulonimbus/Towering Cumulus

Precipitation: Heavy showers, hail, lightning, and thunder

Visibility: Poor

Temp: Cooler

Pressure: Bottoms out, then rises rapidly

What weather is present after a cold front passes?

Clouds: Cumulus

Precipitation: Light showers

Visibility: Good

Temp: Cooling

Pressure: Rising

What weather is present before a warm front passes?

Clouds: Cirriform, Stratiform, Fog, and possible Cumulonimbus

Precipitation: Light to moderate rain, drizzle, sleet/snow

Visibility: Poor

Temp: Cold

Pressure: Falling

What weather is present while a warm front passes?

Clouds: Stratiform

Precipitation: Drizzle

Visibility: Poor, slowly improving

Temp: Rising

Pressure: Becoming steady

What weather is present after a warm front passes?

Clouds: Stratocumulus, possible cumulonimbus

Precipitation: Rain/Showers

Visibility: Fair

Temp: Rising

Pressure: Slight rise, then fall

What weather is present before an occluded front passes?

Clouds: Cirriform, and Stratiform

Precipitation: Light to heavy

Visibility: Poor

Temp:

• Cold Occlusion: Cold to Cool

• Warm Occlusion: Cold

Pressure: Falling

What weather is present while an occluded front passes?

Clouds: Nimbostratus, possible towering cumulus/cumulonimbus

Precipitation: Light to heavy

Visibility: Poor

Temp:

• Cold Occlusion: Falling

• Warm Occlusion: Rising

Pressure: Becoming steady

What weather is present after an occluded front passes?

Clouds: Nimbostratus, Altostratus, and possible cumulonimbus

Precipitation: Light to moderate, then clears

Visibility: Improving

Temp:

• Cold Occlusion: Colder

• Warm Occlusion: Warm but cooler than before

Pressure: Slight drop;

What’s a warm occlusion? What weather is associated with it?

When cool air slides under warm air with a colder air mass ahead of it. Associated with warm front weather.

What’s a cold occlusion? What weather is associated with it?

When cold air overtakes a warm front, this air is colder than the air ahead of the warm air. Associated with cold front weather.

Decode this PIREP:
What does "CEW200013" mean?
CEW UA /OV CEW200013/TM 0048/FL370/TP B737/TB CONS LGT OCNL MOD CHOP/IC NEG

13 Miles away from the VOR on the 200 radial

Decode this PIREP:
What does "TB CONS LGT OCNL MOD CHOP" mean?
CEW UA /OV CEW200013/TM 0048/FL370/TP B737/TB CONS LGT OCNL MOD CHOP/IC NEG

Turbulance constant, light, occasionaly moderate and choppy

Who operates and controls the ATIS?

Towered airports, humans monitor and broadcast the ATIS

What are the intensities of Turbulence?

Light, Moderate, Severe, Extreme

What is pilotage and dead reckoning?

Pilotage: Using visual landmarks and references
Dead Reckoning: Using predetermined headings and performance calculations

Class A ranges from what altitudes?

FL180-FL600

What is Vr?

Rotation speed - 60

What is Vg?

Best glide speed - 76 kts
Most amount of distance without power

What are the primary flight controls?

Ailerons, Rudder, Stabilator

What is Gyroscopic Precession?

Applied force acts 90 degrees
(Ex. You raise the nose the force will be felt in the direction the propeller spins)

What is Spiraling Slipstream?

Air flowing from the propeller follows a corkscrew pattern hitting the Vertical Stabilizer on the left side.

What is the Anti-Servo tab? What's its purpose?

A small surface attached to our stabilator which deflects a small amount further than the actual stabilator. It prevents the pilot from overcontrolling the aircraft. Also works as a trim tab.

What does O-320-A4M mean?

O: Horizontally Opposed
320: Displacement of all cylinders combined in cubic inches from TDC to BDC and 180 HP at 2700 at sea level

How inflated should the main and nose tires be?

Main: 24 psi
Nose: 30 psi

How does the Altimeter work?

Aneroid wafers expand and contract as atmospheric pressure changes.

How many amps and volts does the alternator produce?

28 Volts, 70 amps

What is Histotoxic hypoxia?

Cells can't use the oxygen, caused by drugs/alcohol

What is Stagnant hypoxia?

Blood isn't transported throughout the body, when pulling constant and excessive G's

What is the Somatogravic illusion?

Rapid acceleration gives a nose-up feeling, which usually results in pilots pushing down

What does an alternating red and green light mean?

Exercise extreme caution.

Whats the difference between airworthiness and flyworthiness?

Airworthy: Legal to fly
Flyworthy: Able to fly

If above 3,000' what altitude should you fly when on a magnetic course of 0-179 and 180-359?

0-179: Odd thousand + 500'
180-359: Even thousand + 500'

Whats Category, Class, and Type of aircraft?

Category: Broad classification(Airplane, Glider, or Helicopter)
Class: SEL, SES, MEL, and MES
Type: Specific make and mode(B737, A320)

How long do you have 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Class privileges under the age of 40?

1st: 12 CM
2nd: 12 CM
3rd: 60 CM

How long do you have 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Class privileges over the age of 40?

1st: 6 CM
2nd: 12 CM
3rd: 24 CM

How long do you have after a denied medical certificate to appeal the decision in writing?

30 days

What happens if you dont appeal the denied medical certificate?

The applicant is considered to have withdrawn their right to a medical certificate.

What happens during an appeal of a medical certificate?

Appealed/Denied by Federal Air Surgeon.

What happens if a FAS approves the appeal to a Medical Cert?

You receive a Special Issuance.

What's a Statement of Demonstrated Ability?

A medical certificate for a condition that cannot worsen and is stable, issued by a FAS.

What are the requirements to hold a BasicMed?

1. Hold a valid US Driver's License
2. Must have held a Med Cert/Special Issuance on or after July 15, 2006 (Can't have been denied, revoked, or suspended)

What are the requirements to keep a BasicMed?

1. Physical Exam every 48 CM(By physician)
2. Complete BasicMed education course every 24 CM

What are the BasicMed aircraft limits?

Can't fly aircraft with:
1. Certification to carry 6 passengers, or 7 occupants
2. 12,500 lbs MTW
(Note: No limits on number of engines, gear type, or HP)

What are the BasicMed operating limitations?

1. Can't carry more than 6 passengers

2. Can't fly above 18,000 MSL or faster than 250 Knots

3. Can't fly for Hire, Compensation, or International

What are the Eligibiity Requirements to hold a PPL?

1. 17 years of age
2. Fluent in English
3. Student, Sport, or Recreational Cert
4. 3rd Class Medical
5. Pass Required Knowledge Test
6. Meet Flight, and Experience Requirements

Do your privileges as a PPL ever expire?

Yes, any pilot need to complete a biennial flight review

What are the requirements for your checkride/EOC?

1. Aeronautical Knowledge Test
2. Flight Profiecency
3. Prerequesite for Practical Test (61.39(a) (6) (iii))

What are your PPL Privileges?

1. Demonstrate aircraft to buyers (+200 TT).

2. Tow a glider(100TT).

3. Fly in furtherance of a business if the flight is incidental and no passengers are aboard.

4. Able to be reimbursed for search and rescue operations.

5. Conduct flight test in a light sport aircraft.

What are your limits as a PPL?

1. Can’t fly passenger for compensation/hire
2. Can’t fly for compensation or hire
3. Pay less than Pro Rata Share

When can a Private Pilot be compensated for flying?

1. If the flight was incidental to the business, can’t carry persons/property.

2. Search and Rescue Operations

3. Demonstrate aircraft for sale(200TT)

4. Compensated when towing a glider(100TT)

5. Flight Test in Light Sport Aircraft

6. Charity(500TT)

Should you log everything in your logbook?

Yes, if it's required for training or currency.

What does it mean for an aircraft to be airworthy?

It meets inspection/legal requirements, and must be in a safe condition to fly.

What's a Supplemental Type Certificate?

A type cert that shows the FAA approves the applicant making changes to the aircrafts original design

Does the PA-28-181 have a MMEL or an MEL?

Neither, it has a KOEL.

What's the difference between a MEL and a KOEL

MEL: Equipment that can be inoperative and are still able to fly.
KOEL: Equipment that has to be functional to fly.

What are the required inspections?

AV1ATES
Annual Inspection - 12 CM
VOR - 30 day
100 Hour (Can overfly by 10hrs but subtracts from next inspection)
Altimeter - 24 CM
Transponder - 24 CM
ELT - 12 CM, Half of Batteries Useful Life, 1 hr of Cumulative Use
Static System - 24 CM

What's an Airworthiness Directive(AD)?

A mandatory notice by the FAA regarding the Airworthiness of an aircraft.

What are the three types of AD"s?

1. Notice of Proposed Rule Making
2. Final Rule
3. Emergency

What are the two methods of compliance for an AD?

1. One-Time
2. Recurring

Are AD's mandatory?

Yes

What is a Service Bulletin?

Notice from the manufacturer about the safety or airworthiness of an aircraft.

What are the types of Service Bulletins?

Alert SB: Non-mandatory, regarding the safety of an aircraft.

Mandatory: Regarding the airworthiness of the aircraft.

What are the required documents aboard a VFR Flight?

ARROWES
Airworthiness Cert. - Tail # and Signature
Registration(73FTDUC Acronym) - Tail # and Expiration
Radio Operators(Does not Expire)/Station License(10yrs)(FCC)
Operating Limitations
Weight and Balance
Equipment List
Supplements(FLICES)

When does your Registration become invalid?

73FTDUC
7 years
30 days after owners death
Foreign Export
Transfer of Ownsership
Destroyed/Damaged
US Citizenship lost
Cancelled by FAA/Owner

What are the required Supplements?

FLICES
Form 337
Life Limited Parts
Inop. Equipment List
Compass Deviation Card
External Data Plate
Special Flight Permit

What's Form 337?

Allows for Major Alteration/Repairs

Where is the External Data Plate located?

Left side of the fuselage, by the stabilator

What's a Special Flight Permit?

1. A document that allows an unairworthy aircraft to fly with minimum crew to a destination in order to get repairs
2. Only good for 1 leg

What are the VFR Day equipment requirements?

ATOMATOFLAMES
Altimeter
Tachometer
Oil Pressure
Manifold Pressure
Airspeed
Temperature Gauge
Oil Temperature Gauge
Fuel Qty.
Landing Gear Position Ind.
Anti-Collision Lights
Magnetic Direction Ind.
ELT
Seatbelts

What are the VFR Night Equipment requirements?

FLAPS
Fuses/Circuit Breaker
Landing Light (For Hire)
Anti-Collision Lights
Position Lights
Source of Power (Alternator/Battery)

How can we determine if an aircraft with inop. equipment is airworthy?

TARKEY
Type Certificate Data Sheet
Airworthiness Directives
Regulatiosn per 91.205
Kinds of Operating Equipment List
External Data Plate
You (If you determine it's not safe to fly)

Can you get an outlook and then an abbreviated and be good to go?

No, you need to receive a standard briefing before your flight.

What is a METAR?

An aviation routine weather report for the past hour