IB ESS Topic 3.1-3.3 Review

biodiversity

The variety of species, genes, and habitats of an ecosystem

variation

the differences, either physical or genetic, between individuals of a species

species diversity

different species in a given area taking into account the richness and evenness of the species.

genetic diversity

variation of genes within the genetic pool of a population of a species. 

habitat diversity

range of different habitats in an area.​

Interspecific competition

competition within different species

Intraspecific competition

competition within same species

endemic species

the species which only occur in one specific area; example lemur in Madagascar

speciation

Formation of a new species through biological process

evolution

Change in genetic composition

mass extinctions

an extinction rate far greater than background extinction rate

6th mass extinction

Holocene