chapter 2: kinetic particle theory

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Chemistry

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28 Terms

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condensation
the change of state from gas to liquid
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evaporation
the change of state from liquid to gas below the boiling point
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boiling
the change of state from liquid to gas at the boiling point
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melting
the change of state from solid to liquid
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freezing
the change of state from liquid to solid at the melting point
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sublimation

the change of state directly from solid to gas

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deposition

The opposite process of sublimation—where a gas undergoes a phase change into solid form

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crystallisation
the process of forming crystals
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filtration
the separation of a solid from a liquid using filter paper
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distillation
the separation of liquid from a mixture using differences in boiling point
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fractional distillation
the separation of a mixture of liquids using differences in boiling point
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diffusion
(of a gas or liquid) the process of spreading through or into a surrounding substance by mixing with it
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chromatography
a scientific method of finding what separate chemicals are in a substance by passing it through a material such as paper
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atom
the smallest unit of any chemical element, consisting of a positive nucleus surrounded by negative electron
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proton number (atomic number)
 **the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element** 
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nucleon number (mass number)
 **the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom**
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electron arrangement (electron configuration)
the organisation of electrons in their different energy levels (shells)
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isotopes
atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Z1=Z2

A1 =/ A2
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solvent

liquid that dissolves solid

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solute

solid that dissolves in liquid

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sieve

cái rây

<p>cái rây</p>
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magnet

nam châm

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miscible

(of liquids) A … liquid can be mixed with another liquid without separating from it:

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homogeneous

A substance is… if its composition is identical wherever you sample it - it has uniform composition and properties throughout.

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heterogenous

consisting of parts or things that are very different from each other

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refinery

a factory where substances in their natural state, such as oil or sugar, are made pure

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liquified

(adj) liquid

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vapor

(n) gas