Chapter 3, The Surgical Patient

whole brain death

A diagnose that is currently used in most jurisdictions of the world to define a state of irreversible death.

Five Stages of Grief

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Palliative

Type of procedure or care provides a terminal patient with symptom relief or avoidance and improves quality of the remaining life expectancy.

Eustress

A term that represents a positive physical and psychological state of a patient.

Advance Directive Examples

Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)

Durable Power of Attorney

Donation After Cardiac Death

Adaptation Model

Sister Callista Roy best known

Human Progression

Maslow's research produced a hierarchical structure of

Five stages of Grief

Elizabeth Kubler-Ross best known

Accidental Health

Type of general category of death would most likely generate high emotional trauma for family members and a need to follow protocols for preservation of evidence in the perioperative period.

Life Support

A term that describes a set of therapies that preserve a patient's life when body systems are not functioning sufficiently.

Patient Self-Determination Act

Legislative rulings that requires medical facilities to inform patients of their rights to choose the types and extent of medical care available and their legal right to advance directives.

Facility's gift of life coordinator

Responsible for seeking consent from family members for organ donation after a patient is determined to have suffered whole-brain death.

Safety

Need identified by Maslow would likely be MOST prominent in a surgical patient's mind.

Bone

Which organs or tissues can be recovered after death or after a patient has already been removed from life support?

Higher brain death

A person with only basic physiological functions of respiration, blood pressure, and heartbeat intact is categorized as this kind of death.

Buddhism

This religion believes in reincarnation and that the rebirth is influenced by the previous death experience.

Coping

Denial, rationalization, regression, and repression are common forms of this type of mechanism.

Spiritual

Maslow- needs of the surgical patient is related to the identification and understanding of an individual's place in the universe and may include his or her views on theology, philosophy, or mythology.

Physical

Maslow- needs of the surgical patient is related to anatomy and physiology, genetics, and pathology.

Blepharoplasty and Rhytidectomy

Surgical treatments for an elderly patient's psychological dissatisfaction with his or her appearance.

Environment

Sister Callista Roy define as "all conditions, circumstances, and influences that surround and affect the development and behavior of the person".

Abandonment

Which area of concern or fear would most likely be the main focus for a toddler scheduled for surgery?

Body Image

Area of concern or fear would MOST likely be the main focus for a teenage patient having surgery.

Acceptance (stage of grief)

The patient statement " I know I will be in a better place" is part of:

whole-brain death

This conditions was defined by the Harvard School of Medicine and included the following physical signs: flat EEG, unresponsiveness, lowered body temperature, and absent pupil reflexes.

Sudden

SIDS (formerly known as "crib death") is categorized as which general category of cause of death?

Extraordinary

Type of life-support treatment would be considered ultimately futile and its benefits far outweighed by the financial and emotional burden suffered by the family and health care system.

Passive

A terminally ill patient whose advance directive is to refuse any life-saving efforts by health care workers is choosing which type of euthanasia?

Empathy

A normal human emotion that surgical team members may feel for their patients, but must not interfere with their abilities to maintain focus on their jobs, particularly in all-hazards situations.

90 minutes

A patient may be considered a candidate for donation after cardiac death (DCD) if his or her heart is predicted to cease functioning within what period of time after removal from mechanical support?

Jewish

In recognition of which religion's death rites would the operating room staff allow the deceased patient's son or other relative to close the eyes and mouth and wash the body after removal from the surgical suite?

Prolonged

The death of a patient from complications of asthma or high blood pressure would be categorized as which general category of cause of death?

True

In general, a surgical procedure represents a physical, psychological, social, and spiritual event to the patient.

True

Dr Hans Selye defines stress as a "nonspecific response of the body a demand" (2006)

True

Cultural and religious values of patients can conflict with the practice of modern medicine.

True

Title XI of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1986 requires hospitals to establish protocols for organ procurement or risk losing funding by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).

False

Anointing of the sick is a practice of Muslim tradition and includes facing the patient toward the holy city of Mecca.