x-ray 3

avian radiography restraint

chemical restraint, physical restraint (paper tape, IV tubing, plexiglass), cover avian head

T/F : should the crop be empty when taking an avian radiograph?

true

what are the normal recumbency for rodent/small mammal radiograph

lateral or Dorsoventral

______ is the anesthetic agent most commonly used in fish radiography and the only one approved by the FDA for use in food fish

Tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222)

rabbits are generally not routinely fasted before anesthesia for radiographs because (circle all that DO NOT apply)

A rabbit's blood glucose can drop to a lethal level if it isn't eating hourly

______ and ______ are the most common indication for radiography in fish

suspected skeletal and coelomic abnormalities

the veterinarian requests that you complete the DMPLO view of the digit to visualize the ____ wing of the coffin bone, which will appear ___ on the image

medial; larger and less dense

to prevent air artifacts when radiographing the equine foot, the radiographer should use

play-doh

PACS

picture archiving and communication system

advantage of digital

kVp has little effect on contrast of image, less overexposure, zoom, modify

disadvantages of digital

expensive, more complex, no paper copies

indirect =

CR

computerized radiography

2 part process, x-ray energy first converted to light then to digital signal, uses imaging plate

direct radiography

convert x-ray energy directly into digital signal , expensive

direct =

DR

CR

disadvantage of computerized radiography

"ghosting" of pervious image, source of artifacts

digital imaging process

indirect digital device or direct digital imaging

Direct digital imaging

physical restraint devices to use on avian for radiography

paper tape, IV tubing, cover the head

T/F: is fasting recommended for avian radiography's

true

what recumbency are you taking radiography's in rodent and small mammal

lateral and Dorsal ventral

fluoroscopy

uses x-ray to provide real-time moving images if anatomical structures

fluoroscopy uses:

fracture repair, placement of stents, imaging the real-time function of GI tract or blood vessels

fluoroscopy machine

nuclear medicine

demonstrates function of a tissue/organ

radioisotopes

usually, part of a larger molecule that has a specific affinity for the tissue or organ of interset

technetium-99M

a radioactive isotope that emits gamma rays, short life (6hours)

scintigraphy

suspected stress related bone injury

areas mostly studied in nuclear medicine

heart, lung, thyroid, liver, gallbladder, and bones

after care when given radioisotopes

cats remain in hospital for 5 days, remain radioactive for 2 weeks, avoid long term physical touch, store litter for 3 months

computerized tomography (CT)

a special radiographic technique that uses x-ray to show, in details, images of structures

how created CT

Sir Godfrey Hounsfield

CT machine

whne comparing CR to DR

DR is more efficient than CR

which of the following is a FALSE statement about DICOM files

DICOM files are small

technicians have a role in teleradiology because

if the images do not get sent, they do not get read AND if the history is entered wrong, the radiologist may misinterpret the study

The CR imaging plate should "flased" every morning or after a period of nouse becuase

it may retain the previous image; the plate may be "fogged" but background radiation within the clinic

T/F: digital images have less" shades of gray" than film images

false

circle all that do not apply to contrast optimization

improves resolution

an underexposed digital radiograph will appear

grainy

true or false: because digital imaging has a wider exposure latitude than film imaging, underexposure and overexposure are not a problem

false

true or false: exposure factors are as high or higher with digital radiography system

false

true or false: plate overexposure in a digital image causes the plate to become saturated and anatomy disappears

true

similarities between traditional imaging and CR included the following except

both allowing postprocessing

______ are due to an incomplete erasure of the CR imaging plate or an extreme overexposure of a CR imaging plate that may require erasures

ghost or phantom images

dose creep is caused by

technicians using more radiation than necessary to prevent underexposure images

which of the following statement is true about performing a collimator field alignment test:

it can be done in-house using pennies

true or false: plate overexposure in a digital image causes the plate to become saturated and anatomy disappears

true

which of the following is not a primary quality assurance consideration in digital radiograph

employee satisfaction

true or false: display size(zooming in or zooming out) does not affect the appearance of a digital radiograph

false

true or false: a collimator field alignment test should be performed semi-annually (twice per year), whereas a mA linearity test is recommended annually (once per year)

true

true or false: foreign bodies in the cassettes occur when using DR, but not CR, because CR does not have a cassette

false

a digital image that has a grainy appearance is said to have

noise

____ is the anesthetic agent most commonly used I fish radiography and the only one approved by the FDA for use in food fish

tricaine methanesulfonate(MS-222)

rabbits are generally not routinely fasted before anesthesia for radiographs because

a rabbit's blood glucose can drop to a lethal level if it isnt eating hourly

_____and_______ are the most common indications for radiograph in fish

suspected skeletal and coelomic abnormalities

the veterinarian requests that you complete the DMPLO view of the digit to visualize the ____ wing of the coffin bone, which will ____ on the image

medial; larger and less dense

to prevent air artifacts when radiographs the equine foot, the radiographer should use

play-doh

high dose of patient radiation is possible during fluoroscopy if

the unit is too close and remains in exposure mode for too long

an atom that is in the process of radioactive decay is referred to as

a radionuclide

during an equine scintigraphy procedure, the equine patient

stand quietly while its body emits radioactive signals

which is true for CT scans over traditional x-rays

required a higher kV and a higher mAs

the half- life of a radioactive element describes

the time required for the quantity of radioactivity to be reduce by one half

the sicene that make use of radioisotopes for disgnosis is

nuclear scintigraphy

the science of nuclear medcinie uses

radioisotopes to image structure

tracheal stenting, a procedure used to treat tracheal collapse in dogs, uses which type of interventional radiography

fluoroscopy

true or false: the fluoroscopic generator is virtually identical to a radiography unit

true

the radionuclide, iodine- 131, is used in veterinary medicine to treat

hyperthyroidism