Chemistry Lecture Notes: Salts and Metallurgical Extraction of Iron

Vocabulary flashcards covering hydrated salts, salt preparation methods (precipitation and titration), rust prevention, and blast furnace reactions for iron extraction.

Water of Crystallization

The water molecules attached to a salt as a part of the crystals.

Hydrated Salt

A salt that contains water of crystallization.

Precipitation

A method used to make an insoluble salt starting with $2$ soluble salts.

Titration

A method used to make a salt when using a soluble base.

Hematite

An iron ore containing iron(III) oxide with the formula $Fe_2O_3$.

Continuous Process

A blast furnace operation where reactants are added constantly without stopping the reaction in order to save energy.

Rusting Prevention Methods

Methods used to prevent iron from rusting, which include painting, galvanising with zinc, coating with $Mg$, and electroplating.

Thermal Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate

The thermal breakdown of limestone to produce calcium oxide and carbon dioxide, represented by $CaCO_{3(s)} \rightarrow CaO_{(s)} + CO_{2(g)}$.

Slag Formation

The reaction of calcium oxide with silicon dioxide to remove $SiO_2$ impurity, represented by $CaO_{(s)} + SiO_{2(s)} \rightarrow CaSiO_{3(l)}$.

Reduction of Iron(III) Oxide by Carbon Monoxide

The primary reduction reaction of iron in the blast furnace, represented by $Fe_2O_{3(s)} + 3CO_{(g)} \rightarrow 2Fe_{(l)} + 3CO_{2(g)}$.