College Bio Review

Characteristics of life

Metabolism

Reproduction

Cells

Homeostasis

Evolution

DNA

Development

Response to stimuli

structure = function; be able to explain and compare the naked mole rat and narwhal

Levels of organization; be able to list or manipulate greater than/less than

Atoms

Molecules

Organelles

Cells

Tissue

Organs

Organ Systems

Organism

Population

Community

Ecosystem

Biosphere

4 bases of DNA

Cytosine

Guanine

Thymine

Adenine

Darwin: Evolution vs Descent with Modification

Descent with modifications is what Darwin called the passing on of traits best fit for an environment. He officially called it evolution at the end

3 domain and characteristics; kingdoms in each

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota

Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Fungi, Plantae, Protista, and Animalia

Taxonomic categories in order; be able to manipulate

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

common ancestor

a specific organism that other organism descended from

phylogenic tree

used to trace back common ancestors between species

2 main points of Darwin's book

descent with modification and natural selection

3 subcategories of Darwin's book

Natural Selection/Survival of the fittest

those most “fit” (adapted through traits) will survive the best within their given enviroment

all steps of the Scientific Method; be able to list

Observation

Hypothesis

Experiment: control and variables

Collect Data: quantitative and qualitative

Conclusion

2 parts to every experiment

variables and control group

2 types of variables and definition; be able to give examples

Dependent (variable that will change depending on what is changed) and independent (is changed deliberately)

2 types of data and examples

Quantitative (numbers) and qualitative (descriptions)

matter vs element vs compound

Matter is anything with Mass that takes up space. An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into. A compound is two or more elements bonded together

Number of natural elements plus definition

There are 92 natural elements, which are elements found in nature without human intervention

example of emergent properties

How NaCl is safe to handle and consume when in a compound, but the separate elements are dangerous or metallic

4 main elements required by the majority of living matter; also % required in a human

96% hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon

6 trace elements

iron, sulfur, phosphorous, iodine, potassium, calcium

3 subatomic particles, charges, locations and be able to draw

atomic number vs atomic mass and what each shows

be able to find the # of protons, neutrons and electrons

isotope and function

4 types of bonds; be able to explain each and compare

adhesion vs cohesion

cohesion vs surface tension vs H bonds

solution: solute vs solvent; universal solvent

hydrophobic vs hydrophylic