isasmella is a gimppp

hahah gimp izz stinks of gimpness

What is the test for hydrogen?

Bring a lit splint to the gas

What is the positive result for hydrogen?

Squeaky pop

What is the test for oxygen?

Insert a glowing splint

What is the positive result for oxygen?

Glowing splint relights

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

Bubble through limewater

What is the positive result for carbon dioxide?

Limewater turns milky

What is the test for chlorine?

Expose damp blue litmus paper

What is the positive result for chlorine?

Litmus paper bleached white

What is the test for ammonia?

Expose damp red litmus paper

What is the positive result for ammonia?

Litmus paper turns blue

What is the test for water vapour?

Add to anhydrous copper sulfate

What is the positive result for water vapour?

White copper sulfate turns blue

What colour flame does lithium produce?

Crimson

What colour flame does sodium produce?

Yellow

What colour flame does potassium produce?

Lilac

What colour flame does calcium produce?

Orange-red

What colour flame does copper produce?

Green

What colour flame does barium produce?

Apple green

What happens to aluminium ions with NaOH?

White precipitate dissolves in excess

What happens to calcium ions with NaOH?

White precipitate insoluble in excess

What happens to magnesium ions with NaOH?

White precipitate insoluble in excess

What happens to copper ions with NaOH?

Blue precipitate insoluble in excess

What happens to iron(II) ions with NaOH?

Green precipitate insoluble in excess

What happens to iron(III) ions with NaOH?

Brown precipitate insoluble in excess

What happens to zinc ions with NaOH?

White precipitate dissolves in excess

How do you test for chloride ions?

Add dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate

What is a positive test for chloride ions?

White precipitate

How do you test for bromide ions?

Add dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate

What is a positive test for bromide ions?

Cream precipitate

How do you test for iodide ions?

Add dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate

What is a positive test for iodide ions?

Yellow precipitate

How do you test for sulfate ions?

Add dilute hydrochloric acid then barium chloride

What is a positive test for sulfate ions?

White precipitate

How do you test for nitrate ions?

Add NaOH and aluminium powder then warm

What is a positive test for nitrate ions?

Ammonia gas given off

How do you test for carbonate ions?

Add dilute acid

What is a positive test for carbonate ions?

Carbon dioxide given off

What is filtration used for?

Separating an insoluble solid from a liquid

What is residue?

The solid left on the filter paper

What is filtrate?

The liquid that passes through

What is crystallisation used for?

Recovering a soluble solid from a solution

What is simple distillation used for?

Separating a solvent from a solution

What is fractional distillation used for?

Separating miscible liquids with different boiling points

What is paper chromatography used for?

Separating dissolved substances

What is the stationary phase in chromatography?

Paper

What is the mobile phase in chromatography?

Solvent

What is the formula for Rf?

Distance moved by spot ÷ distance moved by solvent

What does Rf value always equal?

Between 0 and 1

What is the rate of reaction?

Amount of reactant used or product formed per unit time

How is rate of reaction measured?

Change in amount over time

What happens to the graph as reactants are used up?

Curve flattens

What is the gradient of a rate graph?

Rate at that point

What is the formula for mean rate?

Change in y ÷ change in x

What does collision theory explain?

How reactions happen

How does concentration affect rate?

More particles means more collisions

How does pressure affect rate?

Particles closer together collide more

How does surface area affect rate?

More exposed particles means more collisions

How does temperature affect rate?

Particles move faster and collide more

What does a catalyst do?

Speeds up a reaction without being used up

How does a catalyst work?

Provides a lower activation energy pathway

What happens to activation energy with a catalyst?

It decreases