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Block of Statements
One or more statements enclosed in an open curly brace
'{' and a closing curly brace '}'.
Boolean expression
A mathematical or logical expression that is either true or false.
complex conditional
A Boolean expression with two or more conditions joined
by a logical and '&&' or a logical or '||'.
conditional
Used to execute code only if a Boolean expression is true.
DeMorgan's Laws
Rules about how to distribute a negation on a complex conditional.
logical and(&&)
Used to only execute the following statement or block of statements if both conditions are true
logical or( || )
Used to execute the following statement or block of statements if one of the conditions are true
negation( ! )
turns a true statement false and a false statement true
short circuit evaluation
The type of evaluation used for logical and '&&' and logical or '||' expressions. If the first condition is false in a complex conditional with a logical and the second condition won't be evaluated. If the first condition is true is a complex conditional with a logical or the second condition won't be evaluated.
if (Boolean expression)
used to start a conditional statement. This is followed by a statement or a block of statements that will be executed if the Boolean expression is true.
else
used to execute a statement or block of statements if the Boolean expression on the if part was false.
else if (Boolean expression)
used to have 3 or more possible outcomes such as if x is equal, x is greater than, or x is less than some value. It will only execute if the condition in the 'if' was false and the condition in the else if is true.
