EMT-B medications

asprin dose

160-325mg

asprin administration concerns

not for trauma related pain, patients must also be able to CHEW tablets

albuterol trade name

proventil, ventolin

albuterol action

SNS stimulation causing bronchodilation

ipratropium trade name

atrovent

ipratropium action

blocks action of PSNS, relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, causing bronchodilation

albuterol/ipratropium indications

Asthma/difficulty breathing with wheezing

albuterol/ipratropium contraindications

tachycardia, chest pain of cardiac origin

albuterol/ipratropium routes

inhalation

albuterol/ipratropium adverse effects

Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness

adult albuterol dose

nebulizer: 2.5mg can be added to 0.5mg ipratropium in 2.5 mL saline

MDI: 1-2 inhalations, 5 min between doses

pediatric (<44lb) albuterol dose

nebulizer: 2.5mg in 2mL saline.

MDI: 4 puffs w/ spacer

pediatric ipratropium dose

250-500 μg by MDI or neb every 20 min

albuterol/ipratropium administration concerns

medication must be inhaled in one breath, and breath must be held for 5 seconds after inhalation

epinephrine trade name

EpiPen

epinephrine action

stimulates nervous system to cause bronchodilation

epinephrine indications

anaphylactic reaction

Epinephrine Contraindications

chest pain (cardiac origin), hypothermia, hypertension

epinephrine routes

IM

epinephrine adverse effects

Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness

epinephrine interactions

Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants

Epinephrine Adult Dose

0.3mg

epinephrine pediatric (<55lb) dose

0.15mg

epinephrine child (>55lb) dose

0.3mg

epinephrine administration concerns

lasts about 5 minutes, can repeat dose every 5-15 min, ensure ALS en-route

naloxone trade name

narcan, EVZIO (injector)

naloxone action

Reverse respiratory depression secondary to opioid overdose

Naloxone Indications

opoid poisoning

naloxone contraindications

hypersensitivity

naloxone adverse effects

nausea, vomiting

naloxone routes

IM, IN

naloxone interactions

additional doses may be needed for severe OD's

naloxone adult dose

2 mg

naloxone pediatric dose

0.1 mg/kg

max IM: 2 mg

max nasal: 4mg

how much does one nasal container of naloxone contain

4 mg

naloxone administration concerns

PT may wake up combative

nitroglycerin trade names

nitrostat, nitromist

nitro action

dilates blood vessels

nitro indications

chest pain (cardiac origin)

nitro contraindications

hypotension, use of viagra (or others) within 24h, head injury

nitro routes

SL tablets or spray

nitro adverse effects

headache, sublingual burning, hypotension, nausea

nitro interactions

Increases dilating effects of other blood vessel-dilating medications

nitro dose

0.3-0.4 mg SL

0.4 mg spray SL

nitro administration concerns

ensure ALS en route

oral glucose trade names

glutose

glucose indications

hypoglycemia

glucose contraindications

Decreased LOC, nausea, vomiting, inability to swallow

glucose routes

PO

glucose adverse effects

nausea, vomiting

glucose interactions

none

glucose dose

1/2 to 1 whole tube

glucose administration concerns

PT must be awake and have airway control

o2 action

reverse hypoxia, provide o2 to be absorbed by lungs

o2 indications

hypoxia or suspected hypoxia

o2 contraindications

none

o2 routes

inhalation

2o adverse effects

with normal spo2 it can decrease oxygenation to the heart in AMI, and in the brain during a stroke

o2 interactions

combustion

o2 dose

nasal cannula 1-6 L/min

NRB 8-15 L/min

acetaminophen trade name

tylenol

acetaminophen action

analgesic, fever reduction

acetaminophen indications

relief of mild pain or fever, headache, muscle ache

acetaminophen contraindications

hypersensitivity

acetaminophen routes

PO

acetaminophen adverse effects

allergic reactions possible

acetaminophen pediatric dose

15 mg/kg every 6h. 1,000 mg max

acetaminophen adult dose

500 to 1,000 mg every 4 hours

acetaminophen administration concerns

child weight more important than age

diphenhydramine trade name

benadryl

diphenhydramine action

antihistamine

diphenhydramine indications

mild allergic reactions

diphenhydramine contraindications

asthma, glaucoma, pregnancy, hypertension, infants

diphenhydramine routes

PO

diphenhydramine adverse effects

sleepiness, dry mouth/throat

diphenhydramine interactions

don't take with alcohol or MOA inhibitors

diphenhydramine adult dose

25-50 mg

diphenhydramine pediatric dose

1 mg/kg, max 25 mg

diphenhydramine administration concerns

can use with severe allergic reaction, just administer epinephrine first

ibuprofen trade names

advil, motrin, nuprin

ibuprofen action

NSAID reducing inflammation and fever, analgesic

ibuprofen indications

mild pain or fever, headache, muscle ache

ibuprofen contraindications

hypersensitivity

ibuprofen routes

PO

ibuprofen adverse effects

nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, allergic reactions

ibuprofen interactions

don't take with asprin

ibuprofen adult dose

200-400 mg every 4-6h

ibuprofen pediatric dose

10 mg/kg every 4-6h. max dose 400 mg

ibuprofen administration concerns

don't take for trauma related pain, and weight of child more important than age

Asprin trade name

Bayer

Asprin action

anti-inflammatory, anti-fever. prevents platelets from clumping, decreasing new clot formation

Asprin indications

Mild pain, Headache, Muscle aches, fever, chest pain (cardiac origin)

asprin contraindications

recent bleeding, suspected stroke, fever (children)

asprin route

PO

asprin adverse effects

nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding

asprin interactions

caution with PT who are taking anti-coagulants

acetaminophen interactions

take care to not cause OD as common OTC meds contain acetaminophen

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