HOA 19th Century and Modern

INDUSTRIAL REVOULUTION

started in England and spread throughout Europe and

America. It is a change from an agrarian, handicraft

economy to one dominated by industry and

machine manufacture. The Industrial Revolution made it possible to

embellish buildings like never before.

BATTLE OF THE STYLES (1855-1861)

It is a term used to refer to the conflict

between Gothic and Classical ideas. There were many revivals of old styles,

producing a diverse assortment of architectural

designs. Many architects refused to accept new

ideas. This may equally be described as

the "Age of Innovation".

COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE (1720-1780}

It is a style applied to settlements built by

immigrants combining the architecture of their

mother countries to that of their new lands, creating

a design hybrid.

Gothic Revival Architecture (1760-1840)

is a 19th century style

patterned after the Middle Ages.

Characteristics:

• masonry construction

• vertical proportions

• tall pointed windows with tracery

• stained glass

• carved stone ornament like gargoyles

Neoclassical Architecture (1780-1850)

This is a style derived from the architecture of

Classical Greece and Rome and the architecture of

the Italian architect Andrea Palladio.

The Adam Style or Federal Style (1780-1840)

was derived from the Architecture of Scottish

brothers, James and Robert Adam. There is a lightness and restrained

delicacy to Federal architectural

components.

Characteristics:

Elliptical and round spaces

Symmetrical

Simple exterior box

Projecting wings

Greek or Roman character

Jeffersonian Style (1790-1830)

is an American form of

Palladian-inspired architecture associated

with U.S. president Thomas Jefferson.

Characteristics:

• Palladian design (e.g., central core,

symmetrical wings)

• Portico and pediment primary entries

• Classical orders (especially Tuscan)

• Piano nobile (main floor elevated above

ground level)

• White columns and trims

• Octagonal forms

Empire Style (1804-1814)

The Napoleonic

rule lends its name to this French-inspired

Neoclassical style, inspired by the grandeur

of ancient Egypt and imperial Rome.

Characteristics:

• Florid and opulent ornamentation

• Use of corinthian order

• Grandeur was based on the aspects of

Greek and Roman Empires