All table questions

Which nerve serves the flexor muscles of the anterior arm, including biceps brachii, brachialis, and coracobrachialis, and provides sensation to the lateral forearm?

Musculocutaneous nerve — Lateral cord; C5–C7. Motor: flexor muscles of anterior arm (biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis). Sensory: skin of lateral forearm (extremely variable).

What are the spinal roots and cord of the musculocutaneous nerve, and what structures does it serve?

Musculocutaneous nerve — Lateral cord; C5–C7. Motor: flexor muscles of anterior arm (biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis). Sensory: skin of lateral forearm (extremely variable).

Which nerve supplies the flexor group of the anterior forearm, intrinsic muscles of the lateral palm, and digital branches to the fingers, while providing sensation to the lateral two-thirds of the hand and fingers 2 and 3?

Median nerve — Medial cord (C8–T1) and lateral cord (C5–C7). Motor: flexor group of anterior forearm, including palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus, and pronator muscles; intrinsic muscles of lateral palm and digital branches to fingers. Sensory: skin of lateral two-thirds of hand, palm side, and dorsum of fingers 2 and 3.

What are the structures served by the median nerve, and what are its cords and spinal roots?

Median nerve — Medial cord (C8–T1) and lateral cord (C5–C7). Motor: flexor group of anterior forearm, including palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus, and pronator muscles; intrinsic muscles of lateral palm and digital branches to fingers. Sensory: skin of lateral two-thirds of hand, palm side, and dorsum of fingers 2 and 3.

Which nerve supplies flexor carpi ulnaris, the medial half of flexor digitorum profundus, most intrinsic muscles of the hand, and sensation to the medial hand?

Ulnar nerve — Medial cord; C8–T1. Motor: flexor carpi ulnaris, medial half of flexor digitorum profundus, and most intrinsic muscles of hand. Sensory: skin of medial hand, both anterior and posterior aspects.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the ulnar nerve?

Ulnar nerve — Medial cord; C8–T1. Motor: flexor muscles in anterior forearm, including flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus, and most intrinsic muscles of hand. Sensory: skin of medial hand, both anterior and posterior aspects.

Which nerve supplies the posterior muscles of the arm and forearm, including triceps brachii, anconeus, supinator, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, and several finger extensor muscles?

Radial nerve — Posterior cord; C5–C8, T1. Motor: posterior muscles of arm and forearm, including triceps brachii, anconeus, supinator, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, and several muscles that extend the fingers. Sensory: skin of posterolateral surface of entire limb except dorsum of fingers 2 and 3.

What are the spinal roots and cord of the radial nerve, and what areas does it serve?

Radial nerve — Posterior cord; C5–C8, T1. Motor: posterior muscles of arm and forearm. Sensory: skin of posterolateral surface of entire limb except dorsum of fingers 2 and 3.

Which nerve supplies the deltoid and teres minor muscles and some skin of the shoulder region?

Axillary nerve — Posterior cord; C5–C6. Motor: deltoid and teres minor. Sensory: some skin of shoulder region.

What are the spinal roots, cord, and structures served by the axillary nerve?

Axillary nerve — Posterior cord; C5–C6. Motor: deltoid and teres minor muscles. Sensory: some skin of shoulder region.

Which nerve supplies the rhomboid muscles and levator scapulae?

Dorsal scapular nerve — Branches of C5 rami. Motor: rhomboid muscles and levator scapulae.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the dorsal scapular nerve?

Dorsal scapular nerve — Branches of C5 rami. Motor: rhomboid muscles and levator scapulae.

Which nerve supplies the serratus anterior muscle?

Long thoracic nerve — Branches of C5–C7 rami. Motor: serratus anterior muscle.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the long thoracic nerve?

Long thoracic nerve — Branches of C5–C7 rami. Motor: serratus anterior muscle.

Which nerve supplies the teres major and subscapularis muscles?

Subscapular nerve — Posterior cord; branches of C5 and C6 rami. Motor: teres major and subscapularis.

What are the spinal roots, cord, and structures served by the subscapular nerve?

Subscapular nerve — Posterior cord; branches of C5 and C6 rami. Motor: teres major and subscapularis muscles.

Which nerve supplies the shoulder joint and the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles?

Suprascapular nerve — Upper trunk; C5–C6. Serves shoulder joint; motor to supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles.

What are the spinal roots, trunk, and structures served by the suprascapular nerve?

Suprascapular nerve — Upper trunk; C5–C6. Serves shoulder joint; supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles.

Which nerves supply the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles?

Pectoral nerves (lateral and medial) — Branches of lateral and medial cords; C5–T1. Motor: pectoralis major and minor muscles.

What are the cords, spinal roots, and structures served by the lateral and medial pectoral nerves?

Pectoral nerves (lateral and medial) — Branches of lateral and medial cords; C5–T1. Motor: pectoralis major and minor muscles.

Which nerve supplies the anterior muscles of the thigh, including quadriceps and sartorius, and provides sensation to the anterior and medial thigh, medial leg, and foot?

Femoral nerve — L2–L4. Motor: anterior muscles of thigh (quadriceps and sartorius), pectineus, and iliacus. Sensory: anterior and medial thigh via anterior femoral cutaneous branch; medial leg and foot, hip and knee joints via saphenous branch.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the femoral nerve?

Femoral nerve — L2–L4. Motor: anterior muscles of thigh (quadriceps and sartorius), pectineus, and iliacus. Sensory: skin of anterior and medial thigh via anterior femoral cutaneous branch; skin of medial leg and foot and hip and knee joints via saphenous branch.

Which nerve supplies the adductor magnus (part), adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, and obturator externus, and provides sensation to the medial thigh?

Obturator nerve — L2–L4. Motor: adductor magnus (part), adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, and obturator externus. Sensory: skin of medial thigh and hip and knee joints.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the obturator nerve?

Obturator nerve — L2–L4. Motor: adductor magnus (part), adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, and obturator externus. Sensory: skin of medial thigh and hip and knee joints.

Which nerve provides sensation to the skin of the lateral thigh and has some sensory branches to the peritoneum?

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve — L2–L3. Sensory: skin of lateral thigh; some sensory branches to peritoneum.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve?

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve — L2–L3. Sensory: skin of lateral thigh; some sensory branches to peritoneum.

Which nerve supplies the skin of the lower abdomen and hip and the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles?

Iliohypogastric nerve — L1. Sensory: skin of lower abdomen and hip. Motor: muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall, including internal oblique and transversus abdominis.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the iliohypogastric nerve?

Iliohypogastric nerve — L1. Sensory: skin of lower abdomen and hip. Motor: internal oblique and transversus abdominis.

Which nerve supplies the external genitalia and proximal medial thigh and the inferior abdominal muscles?

Ilioinguinal nerve — L1. Sensory: skin of external genitalia and proximal medial aspect of thigh. Motor: inferior abdominal muscles.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the ilioinguinal nerve?

Ilioinguinal nerve — L1. Sensory: skin of external genitalia and proximal medial aspect of thigh. Motor: inferior abdominal muscles.

Which nerve supplies sensation to the scrotum in males, labia majora in females, and anterior thigh, and supplies the cremaster muscle in males?

Genitofemoral nerve — L1–L2. Sensory: skin of scrotum in males, labia majora in females, and anterior thigh inferior to middle portion of inguinal region. Motor: cremaster muscle in males.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the genitofemoral nerve?

Genitofemoral nerve — L1–L2. Sensory: scrotum in males, labia majora in females, and anterior thigh inferior to middle portion of inguinal region. Motor: cremaster muscle in males.

Which nerve is composed of the tibial and common fibular nerves within a common sheath, with the two nerves diverging just proximal to the knee?

Sciatic nerve — L4, L5, S1–S3. Composed of two nerves, tibial and common fibular, in a common sheath; they diverge just proximal to the knee.

What are the spinal roots and structures of the sciatic nerve?

Sciatic nerve — L4, L5, S1–S3. Composed of tibial and common fibular nerves in a common sheath; they diverge just proximal to the knee.

Which nerve supplies the posterior surface of the leg and sole of the foot and muscles of the back of the thigh, leg, and foot?

Tibial nerve — L4–S3. Cutaneous: posterior surface of leg and sole of foot. Motor: muscles of back of thigh, leg, and foot, including hamstrings except short head of biceps femoris, posterior part of adductor magnus, triceps surae, tibialis posterior, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and intrinsic muscles of foot. Includes sural, medial and lateral plantar, and medial calcaneal branches.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the tibial nerve?

Tibial nerve — L4–S3. Cutaneous: posterior surface of leg and sole of foot. Motor: muscles of back of thigh, leg, and foot, including hamstrings except short head of biceps femoris, posterior part of adductor magnus, triceps surae, tibialis posterior, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and intrinsic muscles of foot. Includes sural, medial and lateral plantar, and medial calcaneal branches.

Which nerve supplies the anterior and lateral leg and dorsum of foot and controls the fibular muscles, tibialis anterior, and toe extensor muscles?

Common fibular nerve — L4–S2. Cutaneous: skin of anterior and lateral surface of leg and dorsum of foot. Motor: short head of biceps femoris, fibular muscles of lateral compartment of leg, tibialis anterior, and extensor muscles of toes, including extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus and brevis. Includes superficial and deep branches.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the common fibular nerve?

Common fibular nerve — L4–S2. Cutaneous: skin of anterior and lateral surface of leg and dorsum of foot. Motor: short head of biceps femoris, fibular muscles of lateral compartment of leg, tibialis anterior, and extensor muscles of toes, including extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus and brevis. Includes superficial and deep branches.

Which nerve supplies the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae?

Superior gluteal nerve — L4, L5, S1. Motor: gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the superior gluteal nerve?

Superior gluteal nerve — L4, L5, S1. Motor: gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae.

Which nerve supplies the gluteus maximus?

Inferior gluteal nerve — L5–S2. Motor: gluteus maximus.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the inferior gluteal nerve?

Inferior gluteal nerve — L5–S2. Motor: gluteus maximus.

Which nerve provides sensation to the buttock, posterior thigh, and popliteal region and may also supply part of the calf and heel?

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve — S1–S3. Sensory: skin of buttock, posterior thigh, and popliteal region; length is variable and may also innervate part of skin of calf and heel.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve?

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve — S1–S3. Sensory: skin of buttock, posterior thigh, and popliteal region; length is variable and may also innervate part of skin of calf and heel.

Which nerve supplies most of the skin and muscles of the perineum and the external anal sphincter?

Pudendal nerve — S2–S4. Supplies most of skin and muscles of perineum, including external genitalia and anus. In females: clitoris, labia, and vaginal mucosa. In males: scrotum and penis. Also supplies external anal sphincter.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the pudendal nerve?

Pudendal nerve — S2–S4. Supplies most of skin and muscles of perineum, including external genitalia and anus; clitoris, labia, and vaginal mucosa in females; scrotum and penis in males; and external anal sphincter.

Which nerve supplies sensation to the posterolateral aspect of the neck?

Lesser occipital nerve — C2 (C3). Sensory: skin on posterolateral aspect of neck.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the lesser occipital nerve?

Lesser occipital nerve — C2 (C3). Sensory: skin on posterolateral aspect of neck.

Which nerve supplies sensation to the skin of the ear and skin over the parotid gland?

Greater auricular nerve — C2–C3. Sensory: skin of ear and skin over parotid gland.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the greater auricular nerve?

Greater auricular nerve — C2–C3. Sensory: skin of ear and skin over parotid gland.

Which nerve supplies sensation to the anterior and lateral aspects of the neck?

Transverse cervical nerve — C2–C3. Sensory: skin on anterior and lateral aspect of neck.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the transverse cervical nerve?

Transverse cervical nerve — C2–C3. Sensory: skin on anterior and lateral aspect of neck.

Which nerves supply sensation to the skin of the shoulder and clavicular region?

Supraclavicular nerves (medial, intermediate, and lateral) — C3–C4. Sensory: skin of shoulder and clavicular region.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the supraclavicular nerves?

Supraclavicular nerves (medial, intermediate, and lateral) — C3–C4. Sensory: skin of shoulder and clavicular region.

Which nerve supplies the infrahyoid muscles of the neck, including omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid?

Ansa cervicalis — C1–C3. Motor: infrahyoid muscles of neck, including omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the ansa cervicalis?

Ansa cervicalis — C1–C3. Motor: infrahyoid muscles of neck, including omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid.

Which branches supply the deep muscles of the neck, including geniohyoid and thyrohyoid, and portions of the scalenes, levator scapulae, trapezius, and sternocleidomastoid?

Segmental and other muscular branches — C1–C5. Motor: deep muscles of neck, including geniohyoid and thyrohyoid, and portions of scalenes, levator scapulae, trapezius, and sternocleidomastoid muscles.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the segmental and other muscular branches?

Segmental and other muscular branches — C1–C5. Motor: deep muscles of neck, including geniohyoid and thyrohyoid, and portions of scalenes, levator scapulae, trapezius, and sternocleidomastoid muscles.

Which nerve is the sole motor nerve supply to the diaphragm?

Phrenic nerve — C3–C5. Motor: diaphragm; sole motor nerve supply to the diaphragm.

What are the spinal roots and structures served by the phrenic nerve?

Phrenic nerve — C3–C5. Motor: diaphragm; sole motor nerve supply to the diaphragm.