ARDS

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) as discussed in the lecture.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

A severe lung condition causing respiratory failure due to inflammation, leading to hypoxemia and non-cardiac pulmonary edema.

Hypoxemia

A deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues, which may occur despite administering 100% FiO2.

Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

A type of pulmonary edema that is not caused by heart failure but rather by other factors such as inflammation.

Prognosis of ARDS

The outcome for patients with ARDS is poor, with a mortality rate of 50% despite treatment.

Pathophysiology of ARDS

The systemic inflammatory response leads to injury of the alveolar-capillary membrane, causing leaking of plasma into the alveoli.

PEEP (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure)

A mechanical ventilation strategy used to keep alveoli open and improve oxygenation, typically set above 5 cm H2O.

Complications of PEEP

Potential negative effects including decreased cardiac output, hypotension, barotrauma, and increased intracranial pressure.

Diagnostic tests for ARDS

Tests include chest X-ray (showing diffuse haziness), ABG analysis indicating hypoxemia and respiratory acidosis.

Nursing Management for ARDS

Includes assessment, nutrition, positioning, and pacing of activities to decrease oxygen consumption.

Pharmacologic Management of ARDS

Includes diuretics for edema, sedatives, and steroids to decrease inflammation and improve lung function.