Govt490 Final Exam - Abbott Study Guide

Types of traumatic events

Revolutions, civil wars, military defeat/occupation, and economic collapse are all types of events that are so traumatic they produce sudden massive changes in a nation's belief system.

Symbols of American political culture smashed by the Depression

The symbols of American political culture that were smashed by the Depression were belief in material abundance, belief in the individual capacity to own property and make an independent living, and belief in a beneficent future through individual saving and diligence.

Herbert Hoover's contribution to American political thought

Hoover's American system intended to preserve individualism and nineteenth century anti-statist, laissez faire attitudes. It has gone largely unacknowledged because they were masked in his failures dealing with the Depression.

Classic works of American political thought from early Depression-era

The three-classic works of American political thought that emerged from early Depression-era crisis over the 'value of individualism' were: Lewis Mumford's Technics and Civilization, John Dewey's Individualism: Old and New, and Reinhold Niebuhr's Moral Man and Immoral Society.

Mumford's Technics and Civilization

Mumford's Technics and Civilization is part of a long line of American forecasts that see technology as a liberating force for American society. It argued that the form of economic individualism at that moment was only a passing phase. New technology would usher in new individualism that bore similarities to American values.

Dewey's Individualism: Old and New

Dewey's Individualism: Old and New uses Lincoln's house divided metaphor to explain the current state of American society.

Niebuhr's Moral Man and Immoral Society

Niebuhr's Moral Man and Immoral Society developed a political theory different from Mumford and Dewey by using St. Augustine's City of God and City of Man.

FDR's approach to the Depression

FDR articulated the conflicts between Hamiltonian and Jeffersonian approaches throughout history. He explained a general approach to the Depression and appropriated the Jeffersonian symbol as a model for national reform.

Success of FDR

The reason FDR was so successful was how smooth he transitioned from the issues of the Depression into the new social contract.

Major critics of the New Deal

Hoover, Davidson, and Long were the major critics of the New Deal.

Hoover's criticism of the New Deal

Hoover thought that Liberty was no longer present and instead dictatorship was prevalent. He thought that the New Deal came from the European revolution as fake liberalism.

Davidson's criticism of the New Deal

Davidson critiqued southern agrarians of having a poor economy and culture. He thought that industrialization of the South would be caused by the New Deal.

Long's criticism of the New Deal

Long favored taxing the rich and giving property to all people, i.e. redistribution of wealth.

Outcome of the New Deal critics

FDR and the 'new dealers' won because he appeased both sides and made a plan that intended to support all Americans.

Cold Warriors of American political thought

The 'Cold Warriors' of America were George Kennan, James Burnham, Whittaker Chambers, and Hannah Arendt.

Cold War critics (Anti Cold Warriors)

The cold war critiques were Walter Lippman, C. Wright Mills, and Herbert Marcuse.

Reagan Revolution

The synthesis of traditionalism and libertarianism to address the problems America faced in the 1970s.

Four pillars of discrimination

The denial of political rights, the denial of economic opportunity, stigmatic practices, and the use of terror.

Central tenets of black protest

Assimilation, separatism, gradualism, and militancy, debated historically by figures like Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. DuBois.

Central tenets of feminist protest

Assimilation, separatism, gradualism, and militancy, with historical differences from black protests, particularly regarding the timeline of women's suffrage.

Dilemma of political protest theorists

The challenge of using symbols and languages from discriminatory groups, which may lead to rejection of the existing political culture.

Axis of evil

The three states identified by President Bush as part of the axis of evil: North Korea, Iran, and Iraq.

Iraq and WMD

The country that President Bush demanded submit to renewed international inspection of weapons of mass destruction or face military force.

Preemptive war

A military strategy discussed in relation to the thoughts of Jean Elshtain in 'Just War Against Evil'.

McWorld vs. Jihad

The contrasting concepts discussed in the Abbott book regarding globalization and cultural conflict.

Lexus and Olive tree

Thomas Friedman's metaphor for globalization, where the lexus represents economic change and the olive tree symbolizes tradition and local needs.

Workers of the world unite

Marx and Engels' prediction that workers would unite to overthrow capitalism.

Core states

China, Russia, and India

Oliver Wendell Holmes wrote

The Common Law

Malik's Four Principles of Human Rights

1. Dignity of the Individual

2. Importance of Freedom

3. Rule of Law and Justice

4. Necessity of Moral and Spiritual Foundations