Ionic Compunds + VOCAB

Ionic Compounds

Formed when atoms lend and borrow electrons; they occur when a metal element combines with a non-metal.

Molecule

A neutral partical of 2 or more atoms joined together by a covalent bond

Compounds

Forms when 2 or more different elements are chemically bonded in a fixed ratio.

Atoms

Are tiny particles made up of even smaller particles (Electrons, Neutrons, and Protons). Also has a nucleus.

Protons

Has a mass of 1, Positively charged found inside the nucleus. Amount can be found by looking at the atomic number.

Neutron

Has a mass of 1, No charge, found inside the nucleus. Amount can be found by (mass number - atomic number)

Electrons

Has a mass of 0 , Negatively charge, found outside the nucleus in an orbit. Amount can be found by looking at the atomic number

Ion

Particles that have a positive or negative charge. Formed when an atom loses/gains electrons without changing the # of protons.

Cation

A positively charged ion.

Anion

A negatively charged ion

Metals (Valence)

Usually have less than 4 electrons in their valence shell; metals lend electrons to non-metals.

Non-metals (Valance)

Usually have more than 4 electrons in their valence shell; Borrows electrons from metals

Octet Rule

Atoms need 8 electrons to become stable (2 electrons for atoms with 1 shell, like Hydrogen and Helium).

Covalent Bond

Formed when two or more non-metal atoms share their electrons, resulting in a bond.

Covalent Compounds (Molecular Compounds)

Forms when non - metals atoms share electrons to become stable

Isotopes

When an atom of an element shares the same amount of protons but have different electrons (resulting in a mass differnce.)

Diatomic Molecules

Elements that forms molecules consisting of 2 atoms ( H,N,O,F,Cl,Br,I)