Unit 3

What is a molecular equation?

Shows the formula and chemical compounds in their intact molecular form

All elements and polyatomic ions in the reaction are balanced

Macro state

What is a Complete ionic equation?

Shows all aqueous substances in their dissolved state while liquid and gas remain intact

What is Net ionic equation?

Eliminates spectator ions

What is Oxidation?

Oxidation number of an element increases

loses electrons

Add oxygen

lose hydrogen

What is Reduction?

Oxidation number of an element decreases

gains electrons

loses oxygen

Adds hydrogen

Half reaction requires electrons as reactants

What are Oxidation states?

Each element or atom in a compound molecule possesses an oxidation number which allows chemist to predict the electron flow in the reaction

Not ion charges → imaginary charges

Ion charges are real and specific

What are Free elements?

Have an oxidation state of zero

Na, He, Cl2(g), Fe (s)

What are Monoatomic ions?

Have oxidation states equal to their specific ion charges

Main group elements and type one transition metals

Type 1 metals have the?

Highest priority

Oxidation states equal specified ion charges

+1 = Group 1A Ag

+2 = Group 2A Zn and Cd

+3 = Al and Sc

Nonmetal elements go in which order?

F = -1 → H = +1 → O = -2 → 7A → 6A → 5A → 4A

For elements in the same family, the smaller molar mass has?

The highest priority

Type 2 metals have?

The lowest priority

The element who is _____ becomes more positive while the element who is _____ becomes more negative.

Oxidized; reduced