Hearing Science 5

what structure provides the boundary between the outer and middle ear

tympanic membrane

what are the ossicles

small bones in the middle ear

where is the tectorial membrane found

inner ear

the stereocilia are connected to each other through tip links

true

the small bony chamber if the inner ear which coils for 2 ½ turns

cochlea

what inner ear membrane contains a structure known as the organ of corti

basilar membrane

which of the following structures is not found in the middle ear

tectorial membrane

__ collects acoustic signals and funnels into the eardrum

pinna

the passageways leading from the nasopharynx to the anterior wall of the middle ear is

eustachian tube

what are the functions of the middle ear

protection, impedance matching, pressure equalization

area difference between the eardrum and the footplate of the stapes

17;1

the cone of light in the eardrum of the left ear will be visible are ___ position

7 o clock

basilar membrane is stiffer at the base than the apex

true

perilymph is present in scala media

false

which of the following parts of ear helps translate sounds into electrical signals

cochlea

the footplate of the stapes is attached to the oval window

true

tensor tympani is the only muscle present in the middle ear

false

the middle and inner ear acts as a transducer

true

anatomic lever action is created between

malleus and incus

the outer ear resonates and middle ear impedance matching work together to effectively transmit sounds between about

250 to 6000 hz

as frequency increases

reactance due to mass increases, reactance due to stiffness decreases

the frequency of free vibration is also called resonant or natural frequency

true

mass reactance is greater at high frequencies

true

stiffness reactance is greater at low frequencies

true

at resonant frequency

mass and stiffness reactance cancel eachother, opposition to vibration comes from the resistance component

air and water have the same impefance

false

the rate at which work is done is called

power

which statement is true

its harder to get massive objects to vibrate quickly, its harder to get stiff objects to vibrate slowly

a bandpass filter has __ cutoff frequencies

2

A very small portion of the energy is transmitted if the impedance mismatch is large

true

a filter which is used to eliminate just one frequency is called

notch filter

which types of filters have 2 cutoff frequencies

bandpass and bandstop

which statement is true for a tube open at both ends

antinode will form at both ends

an organ pipe is one meter long and is open at one end and closed at another. Which of the following is the frequency (to 3 significant digits) of one of the harmonics of the pipe. Assume that the speed of sound is 340.

255 Hz

In a tube open at one end

only off harmonics can be produced

tube length and fundamental frequency are inversely proportional

true

three pure tones of frequencies 6 Hz, 4 Hz, and 3 Hz are played one at a time near a taut string of length 1 m that is tied at both ends. It is observed that only the 6 Hz tone makes the string vibrate in one of its allowed modes. From this information, can you deduce that

the lowest natural resonant frequency is 6 Hz

tube open at both ends can resonate at odd and even harmonics

true

Which harmonic is this

3rd

How many nodes are there

4

if a signals rise or fall time is very short an audible transient is heard

true

__ system the output amplitude is not proportional to the input amplitude

non-linear

when you have a frequency selective system, __ occurs from the input to the output

filtering

longer rise and fall time results in less transient disortion

true

peak clipping is an example of

amplitude disortion

the unit of pitch is

mels

generation of combination tones (i.e., difference tones and summation tones) is an example of

intermodulation distortion

the term just noticeable difference refers to the psychological sensation that corresponds to a change in the physical stimulus that can barely be detected

true

studies of a listeners ability to detect small differences in pitch measure

frequency discrimination

time required for sound energy to decay by 60 dB

T60

the property of sound waves to bend around obstacles and reforms

diffraction

identify the wrong statement

the precise relationship between pitch the perceptual and physical quantity is very straightforward (proportional). for example the tripling of a pitch from 1000 mels corresponds to the frequency of 3000 Hz

for a complex periodic signal the pitch often corresponds to the __ frequency in the waveform which by definition is the fundamental frequency

lowest

as a sound source (such as an ambulance) moves away from you the pitch of the sound

decrease

if the impedance is infinite

the intensity of the reflected wave will equal the intensity of the incident wave

as the absorption coefficient increases

reflection decreases, reverberation time decreases

reverberation time is

directly proportional to the volume of the room, inversely proportional to the area of the opening

the absorption coefficient varies with the intensity of the incident wave

false

at the resonant frequency stiffness reactance and mass reactance cancel out each other

true

if the fundamental frequency of a string fixed at both ends is 200 Hz, the frequency of the third harmonic is

600 Hz

which of the statements is true

the decibel is the standard unit of measure of sound level

identify the correct statement

power is the rate at which energy is transformed intensity is the amount of energy transmitted per second over an area of one square

50 dB SPL = 50 dB IL

true

if there are 2 sound sources in a room each source generates 80 dB what is the overall intensity

83

the unit of power is watt

true

intensity

intensity = power/area

according to the inverse square law “the sound energy per unit area received at any point is __ proportional to the square of the distance from the sound source

inversely

8.2 bels

82 dB

if there are 10 sound sources in a room each source generates 70 dB of noise what will be the overall intensity level of noise in that room

80 db

an increase in sound pressure by a factor of 2 corresponds to how many decibels

6.02